Decisions are most effective after collecting sufficient evidence to accurately predict rewarding outcomes. We investigated whether human participants optimally seek evidence and we characterized the brain areas associated with their evidence seeking. Participants viewed sequences of bead colors drawn from hidden urns and attempted to infer the majority bead color in each urn. When viewing each...

A recently developed density functional theory (DFT) for tethered bead-spring chains is used to investigate colloidal forces for the good solvent case. A planar surface of tethered chains is opposed to a bare, hard wall and the force exerted on the bare wall is calculated by way of the contact density. Previously, the case of large wall separation was investigated. The density profiles of the u...

The aggregation properties of a standard conjugated polymer, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV), in two distinct solvents (chloroform and toluene) and a range of polymer concentrations (c = 0.1-3 mg/mL) have been unequivocally resolved using combined dynamic and static light scatterings (DLS/SLS). The prime challenges for analyzing this peculiar, practically im...

Rapid prototyping (RP) methods are used for production easily and quickly of a scale model of a physical part or assembly. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is a widespread process used for rapid prototyping of metallic parts. In this process, in order to obtain a desired welding geometry, it is very important to predict the weld bead geometry based on the input process parameters, which are voltage...

Model and Methods Energy Hamiltonian.To extend a structure-based model to systems with multiple basins, we modified the contact map and the dihedral angles. Note that all the residue indexes are rearranged from 1 to 366 in the model. To include the side chain dynamics on the conformational change of enzyme, we developed a coarse-grained model in which each amino acid is represented by one or tw...

in this paper, the hydrogen embrittlement of the high strength cr-si spring steel with after zn-12%ni electroplating, have been evaluated. slow strain rate test with 3.34 × 10 -6 sec -1 strain rate was performed, and the hydrogen embrittlement index of the different samples was calculated. the effect of shot peening before plating and the baking after plating and also the effect of applying a n...

in this research, using the modified compression field theory (mcft), a new truss based model is proposed to predict the behavior of reinforced concrete coupling beams with diagonal reinforcement. the model is able to consider the effects of shear and axial forces and bending moment, simultaneously. the proposed model includes a nonlinear shear spring, an axial spring, two inclined truss member...

Spring bead models are commonly used in the constitutive equations for polymer melts. One such model based on kinetic theory—the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic dumbbell incorporating a Peterlin closure approximation (FENE-P)—has previously been applied to study concentration-dependent anisotropy with inclusion of mean-field term account intermolecular forces dilute solutions background p...