Host-independent (H-I) derivatives of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109 Davis could not be isolated when concentrated suspensions of host-dependent (H-D) cultures, washed free of spent medium, were plated on host-free media. However, H-I colonies did appear when spent broth was incorporated into the isolation medium, indicating the presence of a factor in the spent medium essential for the growth ...

Abstract East Lansing, MI 48824 Cyclic di‐nucleotides (CDNs) are central signaling molecules in organisms spanning the tree of life. In bacteria, CDNs mediate many important physiological functions such as biofilm formation, motility, and virulence. also implicated activation cellular biological defense systems both bacteria eukaryotes. CDN 3’3’‐cyclic GMP‐AMP (3’3’‐cGAMP) activates a putative ...