Objective To evaluate the association between migraine and cognitive decline among women. Design Prospective cohort study. SettingWomen’s Health Study, United States. Participants 6349 women aged 65 or older enrolled in the Women’s Health Study who provided information about migraine status at baseline and participated in cognitive testing during follow-up. Participants were classified into fou...

Migraine frequency is divided into episodic and chronic.2 Episodic migraine is characterized by <15 migraine days and chronic migraine by ≥15 headache days per month. Sometimes migraine may be described as chronic simply because the attacks recur over long periods of time. Chronic migraine affects 1.4 to 2.2 percent of adults.9 All migraine types significantly affect the physical, psychological...

Basilar artery territory stroke may result from embolism arising from the site of vertebral artery occlusion. This stroke mechanism (local embolism) has been well documented in the middle cerebral artery territory from extracranial internal carotid artery disease but not fully appreciated in the vertebral basilar circulation. We report two patients whose clinical presentation indicated major ba...

Effects of Betahistine HCI, Nicotinic Acid, and Histamine on Basilar Blood Flow in Anesthetized Dogs • An intermandibular-transclival approach to the posterior cranial fossa has been developed which allows exposure of the basilar artery for attachment of a small electromagnetic blood flow transducer. The results of single intravenous injections of betahistine hydrochloride indicated a mean incr...

A case of basilar artery occlusion in a 16-year-old-girl has been reported. Reports of 20 such cases occurring in children have been reviewed. In children, basilar artery occlusion is more common in males; no previous case above the age of 3 years has been reported in females. There were preceding TIA's and RIND in the vertebro-basilar territory.

Siemionow and Chou review the surgical management of atlantoaxial instability in the context of Down syndrome, using two interesting illustrative cases with different craniocervical abnormalities (atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation and os odontoideum). Both patients present with significant craniocervical spinal cord compression, and in this context, they highlight the specific case nuances that...

No single model of migraine explains all of the known features of the disorder. Migraine has recently been characterized as an abnormality in pain-modulating circuits in the brainstem. The periaqueductal gray appears to have a critical role in migraine genesis and has been labeled the "migraine generator." The concept of a "pain matrix," rather than a specific locus of pain, is widely accepted ...