The biofuel mix in transport in the UK must be increased from currently exploited 3.33% to the EU target mix of 10% by 2020. Under the face of this huge challenge, the most viable way forward is to process infrastructure-compatible intermediate, such as bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, into biofuels. New facilities may integrate multiple distributed pyrolysis units produc...

This study has demonstrated a design tool for oil spill detection in SAR satellite data using optimization of Entropy based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (E-MMGA) based on Pareto optimal solutions. The study also shows that optimization entropy based on Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm provides an accurate pattern of oil slick in SAR data. This is shown by 85% for oil spill, 10% ...

The winding hot-spot temperature is one of the most critical parameters that affect the useful life of the power transformers. The winding hot-spot temperature can be calculated as function of the top-oil temperature that can estimated by using the ambient temperature and transformer loading measured data. This paper proposes the estimation of the top-oil temperature by using a method based on ...

Due to an increase in demand of petroleum products which are transported by vessels or exported by pipelines, oil spill management becomes a controversial issue in coastal environment safety as well as making serious financial problems. After spilling oil in the water body, oil spreads as a thin layer on the water surface. Currents, waves and wind are the main causes of oil slick transport. The...

Seed oils provide a renewable source of food, biofuel and industrial raw materials that is important for humans. Although many genes and pathways for acyl-lipid metabolism have been identified, little is known about whether there is a specific mechanism for high-oil content in high-oil plants. Based on the distinct differences in seed oil content between four high-oil dicots (20~50%) and three ...

With the rapid development of the oil industry and oil transportation, oil well blowout and marine oil spill accidents ca·used a lot of environmental damage in recent years, so there is a growing demand for oil spill disaster emergency response. It is difficult to monitor oil spill by conventional ways in real time due to the large range of oil spill, so remote sensing technology becomes the mo...

Recent technology advances in foil air bearings, high temperature solid lubricants and computer based modeling has enabled the development of small Oil-Free gas turbines. These turbomachines are currently commercialized as small (<100 kW) microturbine generators and larger machines are being developed. Based upon these successes and the high potential payoffs offered by Oil-Free systems, NASA, ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS High viscosity silicone oils are used as tamponade agents to increase the resistance to emulsification; however, this makes the oils more difficult to inject. Increasing the extensional viscosity is one way to reduce emulsification. This study aimed to evaluate how silicone oils with increased extensional viscosity behave in terms of their ease of injection. METHODS The shear ...