This paper is devoted to further strengthening, in the current asymmetric information environment, informed level of operators about network performance. Specifically, view burst and perishability a packet loss event, better meet real-time requirements high-speed backbone performance monitoring, model for Packet Loss Measurement at access boundary Based on Sampled Flow (PLMBSF) presented this u...

Objective: By the full adoption of IFRS, measurement and disclosure of fair values become more common in Iranian financial reporting. The present study aims to identify the technical challenges of fair value measurement and disclosure in accordance with the proposed framework in IFRS13 as well as technical factors underlying resistance to fair-value based financial reporting from accounting and...