this thesis attempts to measure learning styles, self efficacy and intrinsic motivation as predictors of iranian ielts reading comprehension. in order to address this issue, a quantitative study was conducted on some randomly selected intact students at ferdowsi university. these two groups were assigned as they were undergraduate (ba=91) and graduate (ma =74) students; they were all aged betwe...

fluorescence chemical sensors for the highly sensitive and selective determination of pb2+ , hg2+, co2+ and fe3+ ions in aqueous solutions are described. the ion sensing system was prepared by incorporating lipophilic ligand (l) as a neutral ion-selective fluoroionophore in the plasticized pvc membrane containing sodium tetraphenylborate or potasium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate as a liphoph...

abstract the current study set out to address the issue as to whether the implementation of portfolio assessment would give rise to iranian pre-intermediate efl learner autonomy. participants comprised 60 female in pre-intermediate level within the age range of 16-28.they were selected from among 90 language learners based on their scores on language proficiency test -key english test. then, t...

this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of teaching meta cognitive strategies on iranian intermediate efl students speaking proficiency. in this study the researcher has employed metacognitive strategies taken from brown (2000) to teach speaking strategies to number of participants. the participants were intermediate students of shokouh language institute; they were divided into an ...

writing as a productive skill requires practice in the basic sub-skills of vocabulary and grammar. in fact, grammar has been viewed as the core of programs in writing classes to help the students put the elements of sentence together and combine sentences of specific lengths to come up with an error-free work of art. conceptualizing l2 writing in this way introduces writing as a product and enc...

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of blended learning and multimedia softwares on iranian efl students vocabulary learning. in addition, the present study tried to examine the extent to which multimedia softwares can be applied into efl classes in iran. it also attempted to find out students attitudes toward using these softwares. to this end, 87 iranian efl learners at el...

short story as an important literary genre in the recent decade is focused by many of young writers and literary critical with searching structure, content , artistic techniques and cognitive phenomenon of these works , we can show quantity of using some parts of storied literature from new literal techniques of the word and also we can show the usage of native, cultural and social foundation...