OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different intracoronal bleaching methods on the shear bond strength and site of failure of ceramic brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty freshly extracted human maxillary incisors were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15). Endodontic access cavity was prepared and root canals were filled, root fillings were removed 2mm apical to the cementoenamel j...

The lower mantle is dominated by two large structures with anomalously low shear wave velocities, known as Large Low-Shear Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs). Several studies have documented evidence for strong seismic anisotropy at the base of the mantle near the edges of the African LLSVP. Recent work has identified a smaller structure with similar low-shear wave velocities beneath Eurasia, dubbed t...

A persistent reversal in the expected polarity of the initiation of vertically polarized shear waves that graze the D'' layer (the layer at the boundary between the outer core and the lower mantle of Earth) in some regions starts at the arrival time of horizontally polarized shear waves. Full waveform modeling of the split shear waves for paths beneath the Caribbean requires azimuthal anisotrop...

Abstract We report experiments on convection driven by a radial electrical force in suspended annular smectic A liquid crystal lms. In the absence of an externally imposed azimuthal shear, a stationary one-dimensional (1D) pattern consisting of symmetric vortex pairs is formed via a supercritical transition at the onset of convection. Shearing reduces the symmetries of the base state and produc...