background: chemical and microbial quality of water used in hemodialysis play key roles in a number of dialysis-related complications. in order to avoid the complications and to guarantee safety and health of patients therefore, vigorous control of water quality is essential. the objective of present study was to investigate the chemical and bacteriological characteristics of water used in dial...

Milk is often described as a complete food because it contains protein, sugar, fat, vitamins, and minerals. This study was performed to investigate risk factors affecting chemical and bacteriological quality of bulk tank milk. According to the following conducted experiments, the milk was divided into two standard and non-standard groups. Then, effect of risk factors on making the samples non-s...

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection diagnosis is based on urine culture, taken from a midstream collection. Obtaining samples in this manner is difficult in elderly patients suffering from incontinence and in infants. OBJECTIVES (1) Develop a method for urine collection using gel-based diapers and (2) compare culture results from gel-based diapers with those of the same urine, examined by acce...

INTRODUCTION Food safety is a critical issue in school food program. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality and food safety practices of a municipal school food program (MSFP) in Jequitinhonha Valley, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS A checklist based on good manufacturing practices (GMP) for food service was used to evaluate food safety practices. Samples fro...

Drinking-water quality in both urban and rural areas of Pakistan is not being managed properly. Results of various investigations provide evidence that most of the drinking-water supplies are faecally contaminated. At places groundwater quality is deteriorating due to the naturally occurring subsoil contaminants or to anthropogenic activities. The poor bacteriological quality of drinking-water ...