INTRODUCTION Median nerve is normally formed by the union of medial and lateral root arising from the medial and the lateral cords of the brachial plexus respectively. However, variations in the formation and its relation with the axillary vessels are not uncommon. Therefore, knowledge of the variations in the nerve formation and course is useful for the clinicians during surgery and for differ...

OBJECTIVE The migration of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) from the superior or inferior vena cava into the right atrium can pose a significant risk of lethal pericardial effusion and tamponade secondary to myocardial perforation. Arm movement has been reported to cause displacement of the catheter tip toward the heart and lead to ventricular tachycardia in adults. The objective...

Upper-extremity deep venous thrombosisis is a potentially life-threatening condition. There are several predisposing factors, including thrombophilic states, malignancy and indwelling of central venous catheters, pacemakers and different kinds of ports. Cruveilhier described spontaneous axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis in 1816. The first detailed data on axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis o...

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is usually caused by malignant tumors or their lymph node metastases oppressing a SVC. However, we encountered a case of SVC syndrome that was caused by a thrombus in the SVC, which we considered as a manifestation of Trousseau's syndrome triggered by underlying prostate cancer. A 60-year-old man patient complained of facial swelling. Physical examinations sugg...

INTRODUCTION Axillary artery injury is a rare but severe complication of fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of axillary artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to such a fracture, in a 82-year-old white woman, presenting 10 weeks after the initial injury, successfully treated with subclavian to brachial reversed vein bypass together with simultaneous op...

AIMS The axillary vein is frequently used to implant pacemaker and defibrillator leads. We describe a technique utilizing the caudal fluoroscopic view to facilitate axillary venous access without contrast. METHODS AND RESULTS Outcomes of device implants or upgrades utilizing this technique were examined during a 1-year period at our institution. Of 229 consecutive implants, only 9 patients re...

A 53 year-old male presented with a one-day history of a swollen arm and dull, aching pain in the right upper extremity. The patient reported commencing exercising daily over the prior week with a modified, oscillating dumbbell; commonly referred to as a Shake Weight. Imaging revealed an occlusive thrombus in the right axillary, proximal brachial and basilic veins. The patient was treated with ...

324 © Royal College of Physicians 2014. All rights reserved. Fig 1. (a) and (b) A crush injury a number of months following insertion of a right ventricular pacemaker lead. The lead is transected (arrow). (c) Venogram showing the basilic (BV), cephalic (CV), axillary (AxV) and subclavian (SV) veins. (d) Ultrasound taken at the level shown by the arrow showing the axillary artery (AxA) and vein....

Background—Approximately 268 000 Fidelis leads were implanted worldwide until distribution was suspended because of a high rate of early failure. Careful analyses of predictors of increased lead failure hazard are required to help direct future lead design and also to inform decision making on lead replacement. We sought to perform a comprehensive analysis of all potential predictors in a multi...

TOPIC: Pulmonary Vascular Disease TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case Reports INTRODUCTION: The annual incidence of upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is 0.4 in 10,000 people annually accounting for 4-10% all DVT. Upper DVT divided into primary and secondary. Around 80% the cases consist secondary caused by indwelling catheters, cardiac hardwares, cancer. One causes Paget-Schroetter S...