Many diseases are linked with climate trends and variations. In particular, climate change is expected to alter the spatiotemporal dynamics of allergenic airborne pollen and potentially increase occurrence of allergic airway disease. Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of changes in pollen season timing and levels is thus important in assessing climate impacts on aerobiology and allergy c...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 background: to investigate the reasons for p ostvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage (pdvh), and to analyze the time of pdvh onset, the treatment of pdvh, the visual outcome of the treatment, and factors that affect visual acuity after treatment. materials and methods: overall, 292 eyes from 236 patients with proliferat...

delaying bud break, using chemicals is an approach to avoid spring frost damage. therefore, the effect of spraying different concentrations of soybean oil and naphthalene acetic acid (naa) on delaying bud break, altering internal atmosphere and cold hardiness in grape cultivar ‘fakhri’ was studied in 2011 in a commercial vineyard in maryanaj, hamedan using a factorial trial based on randomized ...

in this research, the frequency of the jet streams associated with extreme and pervasive precipitation has been analyzed using environmental to circulation approach. based on the 99th percentile index, 109 days of the extreme and pervasive precipitation was selected from the irimo data base ( including 33 synoptic, climatic and rain gage stations during 15992 days from farvardin, 1st, 1340 to d...

introduction although temperatures in 0 and below 0 c° in the cold season of the year and mid latitudes are not necessarily considered an extreme phenomenon, but their long-term durability in a widespread area or their sudden occurrence in the beginning and end of the cold season can make this faetor an extreme extent phenomenon. the extreme phenomena are resulted from interaction between large...

Trees are sensitive to extreme weather and environmental conditions. This sensitivity is visible in tree-ring widths and cell structure. In our study, we hypothesized that the sudden frost noted at the beginning of May in both 2007 and 2011 affected cambial activity and, consequently, the number and size of vessels in the tree rings. It was decided to test this hypothesis after damage to leaves...

Frost, the solid deposition of water vapor from humid air, forms on the surface of a solid substrate when its temperature drops below the freezing point of water. In this study, we demonstrate how this natural phenomenon can be applied to develop novel nanoporous materials. The solvent annealing of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) infiltrated into nanopores induced template-directed dewetting thu...