Wet-snow avalanches are notoriously difficult to predict; their formation mechanism is poorly understood since in situ measurements representing the thermal and mechanical evolution are difficult to perform. Instead, air temperature is commonly used as a predictor variable for days with high wet-snow avalanche danger – often with limited success. As melt water is a major driver of wet-snow inst...

In this paper, we investigate the relation between the autocorrelation of a cubic Boolean function f ∈ Bn at a ∈ F2n and the kernel of the bilinear form associated with Daf , the derivative of f at a. Further, we apply this technique to obtain the tight upper bounds of absolute indicator and sum-of-squares indicator for avalanche characteristics of various classes of highly nonlinear non-bent c...

In this paper we shall use some standard statistical methods to test the avalanche effect of a previously introduced cryptosystem based on automata compositions, called DH1 cryptosystem. We have generated sample data of encryption and decryption. In our first set of analysis we simply estimated the probabilities of the atoms of the discrete distribution separately in order to compare them with ...

The main question of the given work is whether the propagation speed of snow avalanches can be determined using seismic observations. The significance of having at least an order of magnitude estimate of this basic physical parameter is doubtless: in order to reduce the risks associated with this frequently occurring natural phenomena it is crucial to design the constructions (including protect...

Abstract. Effective and efficient communication of expected avalanche conditions danger to the public is great importance, especially where primary audience forecasts are recreational, non-expert users. In Europe, communicated using a pyramid, starting with ordinal levels progressing through avalanche-prone locations problems description. many forecast products, information relating trigger req...

The southern part of the Alps is interested by frequent avalanche phenomena. It is very important to provide a suitable method to manage avalanche risk. The usual approach is based on the mapping of the avalanches occurred on the "Carta di Localizzazione Probabile delle Valanghe" (C.L.P.V. Possible Avalanche Location Map). Modern methods are based on statistical approaches or on the evaluation ...

We develop one-dimensional model of an avalanche to examine the destruction of World Trade Center (WTC) 2 on September 11, 2001, after the building was hit by an airplane. Its main ingredient is the way the building opposes the progress of the avalanche, which is expressed in terms of a reaction force R at the location of the collapse front (a moving interface between the building and the avala...

Natural disturbances have been among the most important driving factors in many ecosystems. Anthropogenic suppression of various disturbances has led to documented changes in ecosystem structure and function. Avalanche disturbances are one of the most important processes in many subalpine ecosystems world-wide and avalanche tracks provide unique habitat for various animal and plant species. Ove...