Environment friendliness and energy efficiency are the mantra of today’s world in each and every sector of development. The automotive industry is also now switching to zero emission car concepts to be in congruence with this concept. During this transformation, however, consumer satisfaction should not be hampered. The consumer is satisfied if he feels comfortable using a given commodity. Comf...

In an attempt to determine what effect, if any, a sealed cabin atmosphere might have on living tissue, observations of frog tissue were made during a routine patrol of a Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) submarine. Ciliary mucus flow rates were determined in the esophageal tissue of frogs, since results with these tissues have proved comparable to mammalian respiratory cilia. Bottles of surface air...

Electric vehicles (EVs) need highly optimized thermal management systems to improve range. Climate control can reduce vehicle efficiency and range by more than 50%. Due to the relative shortage of waste heat, heating the passenger cabin in EVs is difficult. Cabin cooling can take a high portion of the energy available in the battery. Compared to internal combustion engine-driven vehicles, diffe...

The soil climate data has been collected during a recent biocomplexity study along a bioclimatic gradient in the North American Arctic Tundra. The measurements were made from South to North at: Happy Valley, Sagwon Hills, Franklin Bluffs, Deadhorse, West Dock, Howe Island, Green Cabin, Mould Bay and Isachsen research sites. Mean annual air temperature changes from around –10°C at the Happy Vall...

In the present study, a fruit dryer system that is controlled based on fuzzy logic is presented. A laboratory scale cabinet was developed which includes four sensors in different lengths for monitoring the cabin temperature and humidity. Fuzzy base controller is a new monitoring technique in food industrial machines that utilize sensors captured values as its input parameters to make a suitable...

CONTEXT The link between long-haul air travel and venous thromboembolism is the subject of continuing debate. It remains unclear whether the reduced cabin pressure and oxygen tension in the airplane cabin create an increased risk compared with seated immobility at ground level. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hypobaric hypoxia, which may be encountered during air travel, activates hemostasis. ...

A filter system is presented which allows the reduction of the concentration of ultrafine particles in vehicle cabins to very low levels. The original ventilation system is switched to the recirculation mode and all cabin intake air is supplied via a retrofitted filter system. Tests with a variety of different vehicles (from passenger cars to coaches) show the efficiency of the system. Filters ...

the paper presents results of experimental studies on the methane and propane ignition process in various volumetric compositions of oxidizers heated to temperatures higher than ignition point of analyzed fuels (htac conditions–high temperature air combustion conditions). the increment of temperature dt and the ignition delay time tig are parameters characterizing the process of ignition under ...