Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental that usually begins at or before the age of 3 years. The etiology these disorders, includes environmental factors such as vitamins which have important role in central nervous system functioning. Vitamin B12 and folate are involved methionine-homocysteine pathway some studies shown relationship between folate, vitamin ho...

The autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a complex group of neuropsychiatric conditions involving language, social communication, and mental flexibility. Here, we attempt to place recent genetic advances within a developmental and anatomical context. Recent progress in identifying ASD candidate genes supports involvement of multiple brain regions, including the frontal lobes, anterior temporal ...

OBJECTIVE Visual memory is an important cognitive ability, which has been studied in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). In such studies meaningful shapes were used more frequently. Since meaningless shapes provide a better assessment of short term visual memory, in this study we used them to evaluate visual memory in children and adolescents with ASDs compared to the normal grou...

the concept of theory of mind (tom) refers to the ability to predict and explain feelings, thoughts, ideas and intentions of self and others. patients with autism spectrum disorders (asd) show a deficient development of theory of mind. specifically, individuals with autism spectrum disorders fail to understand not only that others have minds, but also that other minds have different thoughts, a...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are among the most common of the severe developmental disabilities, yet little is known about older adults with ASDs-in particular, how the disabilities and dependencies that result from aging interact with those resulting from ASDs. The aging of the population in Western countries, the increasing rate of diagnosis of ASDs, and the burgeoning use of services for...

BACKGROUND The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ), is based on a well-validated parent interview, the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). It has shown promise as a screening measure for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a research-referred older sample, though recent studies with younger children reported lower sensitivities when using t...

Within the last ten years, deep brain stimulation has transformed the treatment of a variety of neurological disorders. The principle of deep brain stimulation relies on the continuous electrical stimulation of neural brain structures through implanted electrodes. The therapeutic effects of this technology are most evident in the field of movement disorders where this treatment has become routi...

The heterogeneity of symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has presented a significant challenge to genetic analyses. Even when associations with genetic variants have been identified, it has been difficult to associate them with a specific trait or characteristic of autism. Here, we report that quantitative trait analyses of ASD symptoms combined with case-control associati...

This paper presents an overview of 5 meta-analyses of early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) published in 2009 and 2010. There were many differences between meta-analyses, leading to different estimates of effect and overall conclusions. The weighted mean effect sizes across meta-analyses for IQ and adaptive behavior ranged from g...

the autism spectrum disorders (asds) are common neurodevelopmental disorders estimated to affect 1 in 88 children. asd is a complex condition, result of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. however, genetic comopnent seems to play an important role. the loss/gain of 1kb and more nucleotides, copy number variation (cnv), is the significant genetic factor in the etiology of asd. the cnv...