The performance of different models and procedures for forecasting aggregated May–July streamflow for the Churchill Falls basin on the Québec-Labrador peninsula is compared. The models compared have different lead times and include an autoregressive model using only past streamflow data, an autoregressive with exogenous input model utilizing both past streamflow and precipitation, and a linear ...

One of the main goals of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program is improvement of cloud and radiation parameterizations in general circulation models. This problem can be logically addressed within a three-step framework: 1) prediction of clouds from thermodynamic fields, 2) parameterization of microphysical properties of the clouds, and 3) parameterization of radiative properties ...

Randall et al. (1996) summarized a strategy for testing parameterizations in single-column models (SCMs). The SCM is driven with observations and the results produced by the SCM are compared with additional observations of the same meteorological events. When the SCM’s parameterizations are judged to have performed satisfactorily in tests against observations, they can be transplanted into a th...

Towards a better representation of the solar cycle in general circulation models K. M. Nissen, K. Matthes, U. Langematz, and B. Mayer Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6–10, 12165 Berlin, Germany National Center for Atmospheric Research, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301, USA Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfa...

In order to conduct faithful simulations of ocean circulation one needs considerable computational power and storage capabilities. We study the parallelization of a three-dimensional ocean circulation model (OCM) and provide summary results from recent experiments on the Cedar hierarchical architecture. A major goal of our effort is to obtain guidelines for the proper design of OCM codes for pa...

A central task of physical oceanography is the prediction of ocean circulation at various time scales. Mathematical techniques are used in this domain not only for the modeling of ocean circulation but also for the enhancement of simulation through data assimilation. The ocean circulation model of concern here, namely, HYCOM, is briefly presented through its variables, equations, and specific v...

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This paper quantifies the backward effect on the ocean currents caused by a tidal stream farm located in the open shallow sea. Recent studies in channels with 1-D models have indicated that the power potential is not given purely by the flux of kinetic energy, as has been commonly assumed. In this study, a 3-D ocean circulation model is used to estimate (i) practically extractable energy resour...

A series of experiments with a hybrid model (ocean circulation model with simple atmospheric feedback model) and an ocean-only model is used to study the sensitivity of the ocean’s deep overturning circulation to Southern Hemisphere winds. In particular, the ‘‘Drake Passage effect’’ is examined. The results show that two factors weaken the control that the Drake Passage effect exerts over the f...

Phosphate distributions simulated by seven stateof-the-art biogeochemical ocean circulation models are evaluated against observations of global ocean nutrient distributions. The biogeochemical models exhibit different structural complexities, ranging from simple nutrient-restoring to multi-nutrient NPZD type models. We evaluate the simulations using the observed volume distribution of phosphate...