First-order (transform) and second-order ridge-axis discontinuities create a fundamental segmentation of the lithosphere along mid-ocean ridges, and in slow spreading crust they commonly are associated with exposure of subvolcanic rust and upper mantle. We analyzed available morphological, gravity, and rock sample data from the Atlantic Ocean to determine whether consistent structural patems oc...

[1] The Mid-Atlantic Ridge around the Fifteen-Twenty Fracture Zone is unique in that outcrops of lower crust and mantle rocks are extensive on both flanks of the axial valley walls over an unusually long distance along-axis, indicating a high ratio of tectonic to magmatic extension. On the basis of newly collected multibeam bathymetry, magnetic, and gravity data, we investigate crustal evolutio...

Post-rift magmatism associated with seafloor spreading (∼32 Ma to ∼15 Ma) and post-spreading tectonics (from the present day) is widely recorded in South China Sea (SCS). However, phenomena originating this are still under debate, hindering a full understanding of SCS’ evolution. In study, extensive voluminous magmatic bodies northern SCS investigated based on integration 3D/2D seismic borehole...

Abundant seismicity beneath the Island of Hawai‘i from mantle depths to surface plays a central role in understanding how volcanoes work, grow, and evolve at this intraplate oceanic hotspot. We perform systematic waveform cross-correlation, cluster analysis, relative relocation 347,445 events representing 32 years on around island 1986 2018. successfully relocate 275,009 (79%) using ∼1.7 billio...

Local earthquake tomography has been carried out in the Tjörnes Fracture Zone. This transform region connects Mid-Atlantic Ridge to Northern Volcanic Zone Iceland a mostly offshore area. The challenge record seismic information this area was motivation for North ICeland Experiment (NICE). Fourteen ocean-bottom seismometers and eleven on-land stations were installed project operated simultaneous...

Plutonic rocks such as gabbros provide information on magmatic and tectonic processes which occur beneath a mid-ocean rift axis well the formation of oceanic crust. Igneous rocks, reported from Red Sea Rift valley, have been limited to extrusive basalts so far. The only deeper crustal found in area are flanks interpreted late-stage continental magmatism. Here, we present geochemistry first reco...