Abstract Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) requires large samples and a long training time to operate optimally. Yet humans rarely require periods of perform well on novel tasks, such as computer games, once they are provided with an accurate program instructions. We used perceptual control theory (PCT) construct simple closed-loop model which no within video game study using the Arcade Learnin...

objective(s): abnormal lung cell death including autophagy and apoptosis is the central feature in acute lung injury (ali). to identify the cellular mechanisms and the chronology by which different types of lung cell death are activated during lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced ali, we decided to evaluate autophagy (by lc3-ii and autophagosome) and apoptosis (by caspase-3) at different time point...

The Italian National Centre for Information Technology in Public Administration (CNIPA) introduced the concept of Local Alliances for Innovation (ALI) as the tool for the inclusion of small municipalities in the spread of E-Government in Italy. Based on the CNIPA’s definition, the paper discusses the concept of ALI as an organizational model that can be resorted to in order to reduce the admini...

Mortality associated with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains high in humans, warranting improved treatment and prevention strategies. ALI is characterized by the expression of proinflammatory mediators and extensive neutrophil influx into the lung, followed by severe lung damage. Understanding the pathogenesis of LPS-induced ALI is a prerequisite for designing b...

BACKGROUND Despite consensus criteria, diagnosing acute lung injury, or its more severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) remains challenging. Adding objective measures, such as plasma levels of biological markers could facilitate recognition of ALI/ARDS. This study was designed to assess and compare the diagnostic accuracy of biological markers for ALI/ARDS with ventilator-as...

The basic CoSMoS process concerns the design, implementation, and use of a simulation built from scratch. However, the CoSMoS approach may be tailored and adapted for other styles of use. Here we describe how it has been applied to analyse and re-engineer an existing simulation, that of Schelling’s Bounded Neighbourhood Model. We find that using a principled approach to the analysis of an exist...