This paper examines why credit constraints for domestic and exporting firms arise in a setting where banks do not observe firms’ productivities. To maintain incentive-compatibility, banks lend below the amount needed for first-best production. The longer time needed for export shipments induces a tighter credit constraint on exporters than on purely domestic firms, even in the exporters’ home m...

Event structures are fundamental models in concurrency theory, providing a representation of events computation and their relations, notably concurrency, conflict causality. In this paper we present theory minimisation for event structures. Working class that generalises many stable structure the literature (e.g., prime, asymmetric, flow bundle structures), study notion behaviour-preserving quo...

Abstract We argue for an interdisciplinary approach that connects existing models and theories in Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) to traditions communication theory. In this article, we review of interpersonal interaction have been applied developed the contexts HRI social robotics. often, symmetric are proposed which human robot agents depicted as having similar ways functioning (similar capabil...

We study the mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann equation in the context of dense ionic liquids where steric effects become important. We generalise lattice gas theory by introducing a Flory-Huggins entropy for ions of differing volumes and then compare the effective free energy density to other existing lattice gas approximations, not based on the Flory-Huggins Ansatz. Within the methodology presente...

We consider a model where 2 players compete for  items having different common values in a Blotto game. Players have to decide how to allocate their budgets across all  items. The winner of each item is determined stochastically. We analyze two payoff objectives: (i) players aim to maximize their total expected payoff and (ii) players maximize the probability of winning a majority value of al...

It is shown that the formal procedure of integrating out the degrees of freedom of the small spheres in a binary hard-sphere mixture works equally well for nonadditive as it does for additive mixtures. For highly asymmetric mixtures (small size ratios) the resulting effective Hamiltonian of the one-component fluid of big spheres, which consists of an infinite number of many-body interactions, s...

Spherical and cylindrical dielectric cavities support high Q whispering gallery modes due to total internal reflection of the trapped light. When such a cavity is deformed smoothly the ray dynamics of these modes becomes chaotic in a manner determined by the KAM theory of classical hamiltonian dynamics. The universal properties of the ray dynamics predicted by KAM theory allow a general underst...

Influence of asymmetry on superfluidity of nuclear matter with triplet–singlet pairing of nucleons (in spin and isospin spaces) is considered within the framework of a Fermi–liquid theory. Solutions of self–consistent equations for the critical temperature and the energy gap at T = 0 are obtained with the use of Skyrme effective nucleon interaction. It is shown, that if the chemical potentials ...

Tax treaties are often viewed as a mechanism for eliminating tax competition, however this approach ignores the need for bargaining over the treaty’s terms. This paper focuses on how bargaining can affect the withholding taxes set under the treaty. In a simple framework, we develop hypotheses about patterns in treaty tax rates. A key determinant for these patterns is the relative size of bilate...