The assessment of pre-procedure fasting and control of sedation depth are prominent elements of widely disseminated procedural sedation guidelines and of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations' standards. Both exist primarily to minimize the risk of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents. This paper critically examines the literature on pre-procedure fasting and con...

Background: International guidelines recommend two hours of clear fluid fasting prior to general anesthesia. The pediatric anesthesia unit of Uppsala University Hospital implements a more liberal fasting regime for more than a decade; thus children scheduled for elective procedures are allowed to drink clear fluids until called to theatre. We hypothesized that this practice would not increase t...

BACKGROUND Hydrosalpinges have adverse effects on IVF outcomes. Salpingectomy is effective in improving outcomes, but it is not always practical or safe. Ultrasound-guided aspiration of hydrosalpinges at oocyte collection is an option for those who develop hydrosalpinges during controlled ovarian stimulation; however, there is no randomized evidence to show whether this practice is effective. ...

There have been many studies on glass particle contamination from glass ampules during the injection of glass ampules, but only the contamination from direct IV bolus injection has been measured. This research aimed to study the difference in glass particle contamination from ampules with different intravenous administration methods commonly used in clinical practice. Four methods were studied:...

introduction foreign body aspiration is common especially in children. the absence of history of choking does not rule out the diagnosis. diagnosis required high index of suspicion. case presentation undiagnosed foreign body aspiration mostly occurs in bronchial airway rather than larynx and can cause severe complications. in this article, we report a silent laryngeal foreign body aspiration to...

Aspiration pneumonia is usually caused by aspiration of gastric contents during anesthesia. It causes severe pulmonary complications. Povidone iodine was used widely as an oral antiseptic. Although povidone iodine is thought to be a safe and effective antiseptic, severe complications from its aspiration may occur. We present a case of pneumonia secondary to aspiration of povidone iodine in a 16...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of core needle biopsy as a diagnostic tool for palpable breast lumps in developing countries as compared to fine needle aspiration cytology. MATERIAL AND METHOD All patients attending the surgery outpatient department with palpable breast lumps were subjected to fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy by the same o...

PURPOSE In the clinical setting, there is no reliable tool for diagnosing gastric aspiration. A potential way of diagnosing gastric fluid aspiration entails bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with subsequent examination of the BAL fluid for gastric fluid components that are exogenous to the lungs. The objective of this study was to determine the longevity of the gastric fluid components bile and tryp...