OBJECTIVE To compare outcome in patients with medically treated secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) first diagnosed after the age of 25 with the long-term outcome in a similar group of patients after surgical closure. DESIGN A historical, prospective, unrandomised study. SETTING A tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS All patients with ASD followed up since 1955 who fulfilled the entry crite...

Heterozygous mutations in the cardiac homeobox gene, NKX2-5, underlie familial cases of atrial septal defect (ASD) with severe atrioventricular conduction block. In this study, mice heterozygous for Nkx2-5-null alleles were assessed for analogous defects. Although ASD occurred only rarely, atrial septal dysmorphogenesis was evident as increased frequencies of patent foramen ovale and septal ane...

During the past several years therapeutic catheterization techniques have been developed to provide nonsurgical treatment for children with congenital aortic valve stenosis,',2 subvalvar aortic sten o ~ i s , ~ mitral s ten~s is ,~ ,~ and coarctation of the a ~ r t a . ~ , ~ Transcatheter therapy is now generally regarded as the treatment of choice for children with valvar pulmonic stenosis, pu...

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a form of congenital heart disease characterized by severe underdevelopment of the left heart, leading to inadequate systemic blood flow. Several different atrial septal morphologies are observed in HLHS, most commonly a secundum atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale, intact septum, and leftward displacement of the superior attachment of the septum...

BACKGROUND Transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) using the Amplatzer septal occluder is generally safe and effective, but erosion into the pericardial space or aorta has been described. Although the absolute risk of this complication is low, there has been no assessment of relative risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS All erosions reported to St. Jude Medical after ASD cl...

Beginning with a patient presenting with an atrial septal defect (ASD) of the secundum type, the genealogy was identified in four affected individuals who belonged to three successive generations of the same family. The defects were visually confirmed in all individuals and were found to be anatomically similar. No other congenital malformations were present in these individuals. The genealogy ...

BACKGROUND Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect secundum (ASD-II) has become an alternative method for surgery. We sought to compare the two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) method for measuring atrial septal defect with balloon occlusive diameter (BOD) in transcatheter ASD-II closure. METHODS A total of 39 patients (71.1% female, mean age: 35.31 ± 15.37 years) who ...

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to quantitate the degree of left-to-right shunt in patients with secundum atrial septal defect (2o ASD) with the PISA method and compare the results with the usual continuity equation. Although the PISA method has been used extensively for the quantitative measurement of regurgitant severity and valve area in patients with valvular regurgitation and steno...

BACKGROUND Transcatheter closure of ostium secundum atrial septum defect (ASDII) using the new self-centering occluder, Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO), has been well developed in recent years. We describe the importance and role of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the selection and closure of such defects. METHODS Thirty patients referred for transcatheter closure of ASDII by ASO we...