abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...

today, the route for economic development in most countries is the same as international open competitive economy. economic institutes well known that supportive public economy belonged on the past and they may compete in the global economy. it is obvious that if they have no competitive potency or not familiar with competition technique, they may be devastated. banking system aims to collect t...

abstract birbery and corruption and other criminal and as such is one of social phenomena , and i can firmly say that society is protected and safe from harm , this is criminal . eache community is familiar with these crimes and the crime associated ( direct or indirect ) with the political economic , social , and cultural beliefs and religious issues , especially with the community . admitted...

having conducted the experiment and analysed the data, the researcher computed the groups mean scores and variances for the test relating to the research question. as the final atep, a t-test was conodonted for the hypothesis. as noted earlier, the significance level was determined at .05 and .01 respectively. the observed t-value was higher than the critical t-value at. 5 and .01 levels. conse...

this study intends to investigate samuel beckett’s waiting for godot and endgame under the lacanian psychoanalysis. it begins by explaining the most important concepts of lacanian psychoanalysis. the beckettian characters are studied regarding their state of unconscious, and not the state of consciousness as is common in most beckett studies. according to lacan, language plays the sole role in ...

هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی تاثیر نشانه های فرا گفتمان متنی بر فهم متون انگلیسی به وسیله ی زبان اموزان فارسی زبان است.این تحقیق علاوه بر این کوشیده است تا میزان اگاهی این زبان اموزان و نحوه ی تعامل انان را با متون خوانده شده در زبان انگلیسی به وسیله ی پرسش نامه ی تهیه شده بررسی کند.بر اساس محتوای یک متن انگلیسی یازده سوال درست /غلط طرح گردید و یک مرتبه با ان متن و یک مرتبه با نسخه ای که نشانه ها...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...