Warm compaction is a process leading to parts with high green strength and density. An increased compacting temperature lowers the flow stress of the metallic particles and increases their ductility, resulting in higher powder compressibility and stronger interparticles bonding, either mechanical or metallurgical. Although many studies have been published on warm compaction, very few investigat...

While measurements of ice-sheet surface elevation change are increasingly used to assess mass change, the processes that control the elevation fluctuations not related to ice-flow dynamics (e.g. firn compaction and accumulation) remain difficult to measure. Here we use radar data from the Thwaites Glacier (West Antarctica) catchment to measure the rate of thickness change between horizons of co...

Introduction: Compaction of bone to create a cavity for a total joint implant is gaining recognition as a bone-saving alternative to methods of cavity preparation that involve only extraction of bone. Advantages of compaction are increased contact area at the implant-bone interface and subsequent improved initial fixation and potential for bone ingrowth. Rasping and drilling are bone extraction...

Test set compaction for combinational circuits is studied in this paper. Two active compaction methods based on essential faults are developed to reduce a given test set. The special feature is that the given test set will be adaptly renewed to increase the chance of compaction. In the first method, forced pair-merging, pairs of patterns are merged by modifying their incompatible specified bits...

in order to study the effect of soil compaction on root and shoot growth of wheat plants (shahriar variety), a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted in guilan university. the study design was factorial with completely randomized in three replications. treatments included three compaction levels; (normal compaction, compaction of ten percent and twenty percent) and two type of soil texture (cl...

Mechanistic pavement design procedures based on elastic layer theory require characterization of all pavement layer materials including subgrade soil. This paper discusses the subgrade stiffness obtained from a new compaction device called the Intelligent Compaction (IC) roller on highway embankment projects in Kansas. Three test sections on two routes were compacted using a single, smooth stee...

The yield of rainfed crops is commonly limited by the availability of soil water during the summer growing season. Channels produced by cover crop roots in fall/winter when soils are relatively moist may facilitate the penetration of compacted soils by subsequent crop roots in summer when soils are relatively dry and hard. Our objective was to determine the effects of fall cover crops on maize ...

BACKGROUND Condensin is thought to contribute to large-scale DNA compaction during mitotic chromosome assembly. It remains unknown, however, how the complex reconfigures DNA structure at a mechanistic level. RESULTS We have performed single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation experiments to directly measure in real-time DNA compaction by the Xenopus laevis condensin I complex. Condensin can bind to...

Bone remodeling is a localized process, but regulated by systemic signals such as hormones, cytokines, and mechanical loading. The mechanism by which bone cells convert these systemic signals into local signals is not completely understood. It is broadly accepted that the "prestress" in cytoskeleton of cells affects the magnitude of cellular responses to mechanical stimuli. Prestress derives fr...