AIM To determine the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) on clinical manifestations and evaluate arterial blood gas data in hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in children. METHODS In a pilot study of 10 children with chronic liver disease, who had HPS, 20 mg/kg/d PTX was administered for 3 mo. Clinical data and arterial blood gas parameters were evaluated at baseline, the end of the treatment period,...

Stokes (1) reported that the colored substance in blood carries oxygen. This was followed by Hoppe-Seyler (2), who first crystallized this substance and coined the term hemoglobin. Additionally, it was shown that the pattern of light absorption changes when shaken with air (2). Hertzman (3) described using photoelectric plethysmography of fingers and toes as a dynamic analysis of the peripheral...

Liver transplants have their highest technical failure rate in the first two weeks following surgery. Currently, there are limited devices for continuous, real-time monitoring of the graft. In this work, a three wavelengths system is presented that combines near-infrared spectroscopy and photoplethysmography with a processing method that can uniquely measure and separate the venous and arterial...

The present study aimed to assess whether arterial carbon dioxide pressure (Pa,CO(2)) has an impact on agreement between oxygen saturation measured with pulse oximetry (Sp,O(2)) or arterial blood gas co-oximetry (Sa,O(2)). Sa,O(2) and Sp,O(2) determinations were obtained simultaneously from 846 patients under assessment for long-term home oxygen therapy in a specialised outpatient clinic. Both ...

background: it was hypothesized that the use of pentoxifylline would increase arterial o2 saturation and increase exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). methods: we tested this hypothesis in 23 patients with copd and pulmonary hypertension. patients were randomized to receive pentoxifylline or placebo, each for a 12-week period, in a prospective, doubl...

We present a frequency-domain optical method for real-time noninvasive measurement of absolute tissue and arterial saturation. This method is based on quantitative measurement of the tissue absorption spectrum (for tissue saturation) and of the amplitude of the arterial-pulsation-induced absorption oscillations (for arterial saturation) at eight wavelengths in the range 633-841 nm. We report re...

Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was monitored continuously during and immediately after sputum induction in 41 HIV positive patients with respiratory symptoms and in 20 symptomless medical and nursing staff, who acted as control subjects. Arterial oxygen desaturation (defined as SaO2 less than or equal to 92%) occurred during sputum induction and persisted for up to 20 minutes after the end o...

Background—Oxygen conserving devices may lead to substantial increases in the duration of oxygen provided. A study was undertaken to compare the performance of a pulsed dose oxygen delivery (PDOD) system with continuous flow oxygen or air during a maximal walking test. Methods—Fourteen patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and arterial oxygen desaturation on exercise (mean ...

Continual improvement of oxygenators has been important in the growing demands of patient safety and support during cardiopulmonary bypass. The purpose of this study was to compare the Maxima 1380 oxygenator to the upgraded Maxima Plus oxygenator. Thirty-two adult patients were randomized to either the 1380 group or the Plus group. Information was recorded on the patients' weight, age, body sur...