Four normal controls and 26 cases of Arnold-Chiari I malformations and/or syringomyelia were reviewed. The pathologic cases included five isolated Arnold-Chiari I malformations, nine communicating syringomyelia, five idiopathic syringomyelia, four posttraumatic syringomyelia, one syringomyelia with hemangioblastoma, and two postshunt syringomyelia. The objectives of this study were to compare t...

It was not until the late nineteenth century when reports of hindbrain herniation (Chiari malformations) began to be published. However, even earlier reports can be found in the extant literature. These include a report of hindbrain herniation in association with myelomeningocele by Tulp (1593–1674) in 1641. Cleland and Arnold would also report cases of hindbrain herniation found in patients wi...

Q3: What relevant investigations would you request? Routine blood analysis including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, thyroid function tests, and B12; lateral cervical spine radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cervical spine. This woman’s MRI scans (see figs 1 and 2) revealed a dilated syrinx extending from C2–T3 with characteristic septation in the lower cervical region. There w...

Osteopetrosis (OP) is hereditary X-linked, autosomal recessive (ARO), or autosomal dominant (ADO) skeletal disease. ARO has two subtypes, which are infantile malignant and intermediate type. ARO and X-linked OP have poor clinical outcome. ADO is called adult benign type because of the normal life expectancy, which has type I and type II. Here, the authors present an ADO patient with Chiari type...

To cite: Waqar M, Vohra AH. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2013201708 DESCRIPTION A 21-year-old right-handed man, with no medical history of note, presented to neurosurgery outpatient department in Pakistan, with a 5-year history of numbness and pain in his upper limbs. The patient gave a troubled account of constant, currentlike pain, tracking do...

Between January, 1981, and July, 1991, 17 infants under 1 month of age were admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children with the signs and symptoms of a Chiari II malformation. These patients' presentation included swallowing difficulty (71%), stridor (59%), apneic spells (29%), aspiration (12%), weakness of cry (18%), and arm weakness (53%). Decompression of the Chiari II malformation was perfo...