abstract erosion and sedimentation are the most complicated problems in hydrodynamic which are very important in water-related projects of arid and semi-arid basins. for this reason, the presence of suitable methods for good estimation of suspended sediment load of rivers is very valuable. solving hydrodynamic equations related to these phenomenons and access to a mathematical-conceptual model ...

depth of frost penetration is one of the main indices in agriculture, civil and transportation engineering. soil temperature is a function of several factors including: topography, solar radiation, air temperature, moisture content and other physical properties of soil such as thermal capacity, coefficient of heat conductivity, and specific heat. the main objective of the present paper is to de...

The goat (Capra hircus) was first introduced into Western Australia (WA) over 100 years ago and since this time have been liberated and become feral. Feral goats are now found over much of the semi-arid and arid pastoral areas of the State and as uncontrolled grazers cause significant damage to the rangeland. The use of commercialisation as a control strategy to induce landholders to reduce fer...

this paper reports the results of using three empirical methods (makkink, priestley-taylor and hargreaves) for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (et0) in the semi-arid region of tensift al haouz, marrakech (center of morocco). the penman-monteith equation, standardized by the food and agriculture organization (fao-pm), is used to evaluate the three empirical methods. the obtained et0 ...

crops growing in salt-affected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency. a pot study was conducted in 2004-2005 in the aghala area (northern iran) to study the effect of different salinity levels, i.e. ece= 3 (control), 8, 12 and 16 ds m-1 on wheat grain, yield components and leaf ion uptake of four iranian wheat genotypes, i.e. kouhdasht, atrak, ...

drought detecting is a necessary aspect of drought risk management. it is generally performed usingdifferent drought indices that are effectively continuous functions of rainfall and other hydro- meteorologicalvariables. a number of drought indices have been introduced and used in various countries to date. in thecurrent research, four meteorological drought indices including the standardized p...

one of the ordinary methods to protect, rehabilitate, and enhance an ecosystemfunction in arid and semi-arid areas of the world is sand dune stabilization using biologicalpractices. plantation of species on the soil plays a great role in sustainable management ofthe ecosystem. this research studies the effects of cultivation of haloxylon ammodendronand atriplex canescens on physical-chemical ch...