Objective: To review the clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in dogs and cats. Data sources: Data from human and veterinary literature were reviewed through Medline and CAB as well as manual search of references listed in articles pertaining to acute lung injury (ALI)/ARDS. Human data synthesis: Since the term ARDS was first coined in 1967, there ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the characteristics and real world life circumstances of ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) patient populations. This knowledge is essential for transferring evidence-based therapy into routine healthcare. The aim of this study was to report socio-demographic and clinical characteristics in an unselected population of ARDS patients and to compare these r...

BACKGROUND The predictive role of many cytokines and adhesion molecules has not been studied systematically in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS We measured prospectively tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (...

To the Editor:—The recent article by Thille et al. and the accompanying editorial by Rouby discuss the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on pulmonary recruitability in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thille et al. found that alveolar recruitment was similar in pulmonary and extrapulmonary ARDS and concluded that PEEP levels should not be determined bas...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute diffuse lung injury, which results in increased pulmonary vascular permeability and loss of aerated lung tissue. This causes bilateral opacity consistent with pulmonary edema, hypoxemia, increased venous admixture, and decreased lung compliance such that patients with ARDS need supportive care in the intensive care unit to mai...

OBJECTIVE To learn the value of bronchoscopy and biopsy in the early diagnosis of inhalation injury ARDS. SETTING Burn Center, CHU Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. DESIGN 130 consecutively admitted burn patients were bronchoscoped on admission. MEASUREMENTS The appearance of the bronchial tree was recorded, and biopsies were taken from spurs of the proximal and distal branches of the right b...

Pulmonary involvement with multiple myeloma occurs infrequently and may be difficult to distinguish from more common primary lung tumours, metastatic disease, or other pleural and parenchymal abnormalities. A patient who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was subsequently found to have multiple myeloma with involvement of lung parenchyma by neoplastic plasma cells. Only one ot...

268 Role of Coagulation System in ARDS (Hasegawa et a!) T he pathologic findings of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are well described and include lung edema, microthrombi, inflammatory cell infiltration, and late fibrosis.”2 The exact pathogenesis of this syndrome, however, is not well characterized. Considerable evidence from clinical and in vivo investigation implicates neutro...

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -8 and -9 may play key roles in the modulation of neutrophilic lung inflammation seen in pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of MMP-8 and MMP-9 activity in tracheal aspirates of pediatric ARDS patients compared with non-ARDS controls, testing whether increased MMP-8 and -9 activities were a...

OBJECTIVE To test the sepsis marker procalcitonin (PCT) for its applicability to discriminate between septic and nonseptic causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). DESIGN Prospective study, assessing the course of PCT serum levels in early (within 72 hrs after onset) ARDS. The three other inflammation markers neopterin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were test...