Enormous quantities of organic and inorganic compounds are released into the environment each year as a result of human activities. In some cases, these releases are deliberate and well regulated (e.g., industrial emissions) while in other cases they are accidental (e.g., chemical or oil spills). Many of these compounds are both toxic and persistent in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The ...

Cyanotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria. They pose a threat to human health and the environment. This review summarises the existing data on human exposure to cyanotoxins through drinking water, recreational activities (e.g., swimming, canoeing or bathing), the aquatic food web, terrestrial plants, food supplements, and haemodialysis. Furthermore, it discusses the tolera...

The Osun Grove, Osogbo, Nigeria, is a protected area covered by riparian forest, dry high forest and derived savanna. In January and June 2000 a total of 25 of snake species were recorded with Afronatrix anoscopus and Calabaria reinhardti being prominent. The incidence of Philothamnus semivariegatus, a savanna species, may be the result of the invasive savanna produced by farming activities aro...

BACKGROUND Aquatic exercise has been widely used for rehabilitation and functional recovery due to its physical and physiological benefits. However, there is a high variability in reporting on the muscle activity from surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals. The aim of this study is to present an updated review of the literature on the state of the art of muscle activity recorded using sEMG du...

Inland fisheries are a vital component in the livelihoods and food security of people throughout the world, as well as contributing huge recreational and economic benefits. These valuable assets are jeopardized by lack of research-based understanding of the impacts of fisheries on inland ecosystems, and similarly the impact of human activities associated with inland waters on fisheries and aqua...

BACKGROUND Aquatic exercise is recommended by the Osteoarthritis Research Society (OARSI), by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) as a nonpharmacological method of controlling the knee osteoarthritis (KOA) symptoms. Moreover, given that weight loss results in a reduction of the load that is exerted upon the knee during daily activitie...

BACKGROUND Sediment bacterial communities are key players in biogeochemical cycling of elements in the aquatic environment. Copper mining, smelting, and processing operations located in Bor area (Serbia) are major environmental hot spots in the lower Danube Basin and Western Balkans. In the present study, we evaluate the influence of trace element (TE) concentration in sediments and physico-che...

Current approaches to measure the activities of microbial extracellular enzymes in aquatic environments are hampered by slow throughput or by differences between the structure of simple substrate proxies and macromolecules. Here we show that measurements of fluorescence anisotropy can be used to determine the hydrolysis rate of two fluorescently labeled polysaccharides, laminarin and xylan, in ...

three different concentrations (10, 20 and 30 ppm) of the dry propolis and pollen extracts were applied in double distilled water. biochemical and hematological parameters in blood of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) treated to various propolis and pollen concentrations (10, 20 and 30 ppm) for 96 h were determined.  fish treated to 20 and 30 ppm of propolis extract presented significant incr...

phytoplanktons are the first bio- indicators of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. phytoplankton assemblage and aquatic ecosystems are always influenced by environmental factors therefore these environmental changes and threats must be understood in any ecosystem. phytoplankton are inexpensive and readily available bio- indicators. in the present study, phytoplankton were used to study the sefid ...