abstract   background: the x-ray machines used for radiodiagnosis should meet certain quality assurance (qa) programmes . these are necessary to have good quality radiographs at reasonably low exposure to patients.   materials and methods: dose reduction methods in abdomen x-ray examination were carried out in 10 hospitals in tehran. this paper presents the work, which was implemented on 200 pa...

Background: Prediction of the absorbed dose in irradiated volume plays an important role in the outcome of radiotherapy. Application of small fields for radiotherapy of thorax makes the dose calculation process inaccurate due to the existence of electronic disequilibrium and intrinsic deficiencies in dose calculation algorithms. To study the lung absorbed dose in radiotherapy with smal...

Introduction According to the International Commission on Radiological Protection publication numbers 60 and 21, the environmental control standards should ensure human and other species protection to a desirable degree. Since application of radiographic procedures in Veterinary Medicine has increased significantly, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the entrance skin dose to the animals (e.g....

introduction after the publication of task group number 43 dose calculation formalism by the american association of physicists in medicine (aapm), this method has been known as the most common dose calculation method in brachytherapy treatment planning. in this formalism, the water phantom is introduced as the reference dosimetry phantom, while the attenuation coefficient of the sources in the...

background: vegetation (food stuff) is grown in soil that contains many radioactive elements such as 238u (uranium), 232th (thorium) and 40k (potassium), which may get deposited either due to radioactive fallout or/and by absorption from the soil and can pose serious health hazards. materials and methods: natural radioactivity, radiological hazards and annual effective dose assessment was carri...

Introduction Relative dose computation is a necessary step in radiation treatment planning. Therefore, finding an approach that is both fast and accurate seems to be necessary. The purpose of this work was to investigate the feasibility of natural cubic spline to reconstruct dose maps for linear accelerator radiation treatment fields in comparison with those of the simulation. Materials and Met...

Introduction: Dental radiography as one of the most frequent type of radiological examinations is accepted for medical investigations due to their significant benefits nevertheless using ionizing radiation. It has lower radiation dose compared to another radiological examination but because of its high application for children, radiation dose needs attention. Based on affectin...

background: because of the adverse effects of ionizing radiation on fetuses, prior to radiotherapy of pregnant patients, fetal dose should be estimated. fetal dose has been studied by several authors in different depths in phantoms with various abdomen thicknesses (at). in this study, the effect of maternal at and depth in fetal dosimetry was investigated, using peripheral dose (pd) distributio...

introduction in this study, effective dose equivalent for the public due to internal exposure to 222radon (222rn) was evaluated in three regions of ramsar, a northern coastal city in iran.                                materials and methods measurements were carried out using a radon monitoring device. outdoor and indoor radon concentrations were measured within 24 hours with an integration in...