The present work is a continuation of the previously reported studies on the solubilities of various amino acids in water and their thermodynamic properties (1). No precise solubility determinations on l-proline and/-hydroxyproline appear to have been carried out previously. Due to the high solubility of l-proline and l-hydroxyproline, it was not feasible to carry out solubility determinations ...

Background Recent works suggested the association between dysfunctional glymphatic system and Alzheimer's Disease, which shows as alternated cerebrospinal fluid production. It is believed that choroid plexus major site of CSF production conventionally blood flow related to rate directly. Therefore, we investigated perfusion in AD patients using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI retrospectively. ...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) play a significant role in the disposition and elimination of drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the interaction between sitagliptin (substrate of P-gp and CYP3A4) and verapamil (known modulator of P-gp and CYP3A4) using in vivo, ex vivo and in situ models. Rats were treated with sitagliptin (10 m...

Trabecular plates play an important role in determining elastic moduli of trabecular bone. However, the relative contribution of trabecular plates and rods to strength behavior is still not clear. In this study, individual trabeculae segmentation (ITS) and nonlinear finite element (FE) analyses were used to evaluate the roles of trabecular types and orientations in the failure initiation and pr...

Several studies using single photon emission tomography (SPECT) have shown changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) with age, which were associated with partial volume effects by some authors. Some studies have also demonstrated gender-related differences in CBF. The present study aimed to examine age and gender effects on CBF SPECT images obtained using the 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer and a SPECT...