The objective has been to study turbulent boundary layers under adverse pressure gradients (APG) through direct numerical simulation (DNS). The numerical code is based on a pseudo-spectral technique which is suitable for the simple geometry (flat plate) considered here. A large effort has been put into the optimization of the numerical code on various super computers. Five large simulations hav...

In this study, a new well-resolved large-eddy simulation of an incompressible near-equilibrium adverse-pressure-gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layer (TBL) over flat plate is presented. simulation, we have established APG wide Reynolds-number range. so-called region interest, the Rotta–Clauser pressure-gradient parameter $\beta$ exhibits approximately constant value around 1.4, and Reynolds n...

Introduction . The involvement of pathological segmental venous hypervolemia the lower leg in patients with varicose veins formation chronic insufficiency (CVI) is an established fact, however, objective criteria for this pathohemodynamic phenomenon have not been definitively determined today. purpose study. Determination by air plethysmography (APG) degree functional disorders limb and establi...

Abstract This study intended to optimize apigenin (APG) nanoparticle formulation prepared by planetary ball milling enhance its dissolution rate and bioavailability using a design of experiment (DoE). In this study, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K30) was used as stabilizer. The independent parameters speed, size, drug solvent ratio were evaluated for their impacts on APG nanoparticles concerning t...

The Shortfin Mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a fast swimmer and has incredible turning agility, and has flexible scales known to bristle up to 50° in the flank regions. It is purported that this bristling capability of the scales may result in a unique pass flow control method to control flow separation and reduce drag. It appears that the scales have evolved to be only actuated when the flow...

Surfactants are indisputably more important today, in terms of their use industry and daily life, as well the tasks they perform. In recent years, due to driving force environmental concerns, orientations alternatives surfactants that cause less or no harm environment have accelerated. One these trends is synthesis alkyl polyglycosides (APG) detergent industry. this study, different acidic cata...

Recent studies have shown that proximal gradient (PG) method and accelerated gradient method (APG) with restarting can enjoy a linear convergence under a weaker condition than strong convexity, namely a quadratic growth condition (QGC). However, the faster convergence of restarting APG method relies on the potentially unknown constant in QGC to appropriately restart APG, which restricts its app...

Rationale: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most frequent head and neck tumor in South China. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in NPC contributes to tumor maintenance and therapeutic resistance, while the ability of CSCs to escape from the apoptosis pathway may render them the resistant property to the therapies. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family proteins (IAPs), which are ove...

This tutorial presents an in-house software engineering training program used within a software development organization at a large, national, U.S. research laboratory. The program is designed to train experienced software engineers in the requirements and methodology of a software process improvement program being implemented within the software development organization. The software process i...