Depression is a major health problem for which most patients are not effectively treated. This problem is further compounded in children and adolescents where only two antidepressants [both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)] are currently approved for clinical use. Mouse models provide tools to identify mechanisms that might account for poor treatment response to antidepressants. ...

CONTEXT The Food and Drug Administration has issued a boxed warning concerning increased suicidal ideation and behavior associated with antidepressant drug treatment in children and adolescents. It is unknown whether antidepressant agents increase the risk of suicide death in children or adults. OBJECTIVE To estimate the relative risk of suicide attempt and suicide death in severely depressed...

The development of the first effective antidepressants in the late 1950s marked a turning point in the treatment of depressive illness. In 1957 the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) iproniazid was discovered by chance, while searching for new antituberculous drugs. One year later the tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) imipramine was introduced, having been developed originally as an antipsychotic....

BACKGROUND Measuring satisfaction with treatment has proved useful to ascertain the treatment features that are most important to the patients, and to explain increased treatment compliance. However, there are few studies that relate satisfaction to other clinical or self-perceived health status indicators. Recent studies have shown the close relationship between satisfaction with treatment, tr...

Unsatisfactory clinical efficacy and a variety of adverse effects of current antidepressant drugs have incited search for better therapy. Zinc, an antagonist of the glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, exhibits antidepressant-like activity in rodent tests/models of depression. Similarly to antidepressants, zinc induces brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression and incr...

The concept of an "antidepressant" implies a drug that acts in a disease specific way to reverse the neuropathological basis of the symptoms of depression. However, there is little scientific research that could confirm this view. This paper reports an historical study of the emergence of the concept of the antidepressant and the social forces that influenced its adoption. Historical literature...

Objective: The goal of the present study was to assess antidepressant-like action Withania qaraitica in two behavioral animal models, forced-swimming test (FST) and tail suspension (TST) mice. Methods: methanolic extract prepared by maceration. antidepressant activity measured using C57BL/6 mice BALB/c Mice were divided into three groups: control (DMSO), standard (citalopram desipramine), (n = ...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined if maternal antidepressant medication during pregnancy increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the offspring, but the results have been conflicting. METHODS In a population-based cohort of 179 007 children born in 2006 and 2007 and followed through 2014 when aged 7 and 8, we estimated relative risks (RRs) of ASD and 95% confidence inter...