The paper offers a rationale for avoiding attempts to characterize the surge environment in low-voltage end-user power systems by a single number – the "energy in the surge" – derived from a simple voltage measurement. Numerical examples illustrate the fallacy of this concept. Examples are given of equipment for which a failure can be caused by a surge voltage, but with or without relationship ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether clinical pregnancy rate is affected by timing intrauterine insemination (IUI) according to serum LH surge, r-hCG trigger, or a combination of LH surge and r-hCG trigger in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles for patients with a variety of infertility etiologies. METHODS The last 365 consecutive COH-IUI cycles performed ...

We recently reported that female aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice show deficits in sexual behaviour and a decreased population of kisspeptin-immunoreactive neurones in the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle (RP3V), resurrecting the question of whether oestradiol actively contributes to female-typical sexual differentiation. To further address this question, we assessed the capaci...

Hydroelectric power plants’ open-type surge tanks may be built in mountains subject to the provision of atmospheric air. Hence, a ventilation tunnel is indispensable. The air flow in the ventilation tunnel is associated with the fluctuation of water-level in the surge tank. There is a great relationship between the wind speed and the safe use and project investment of ventilation tunnels. To ob...

Preovulatory LH and FSH surges and the subsequent periovulatory FSH surge were studied in heifers treated with a single injection of GnRH (100 microg, n = 6) or saline (n = 7). Blood samples were collected every hour from 6 h before treatment until 12 h after the largest follicle reached > or =8.5 mm (expected beginning of follicular deviation). The GnRH-induced preovulatory LH and FSH surges w...

The brain mechanism regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) release is sexually differentiated in rodents. Kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) have been suggested to be sexually dimorphic and involved in the GnRH/LH surge generation. The present study aimed to determine the significance of neonatal testicular androgen to defem...

In the elephant, two distinct LH surges occur 3 wl< apart during the nonluteal phase of the estrous cycle, but only the second surge (ovLH) induces ovulation. The function of the first, anovulatory surge (anLH) is unknown, nor is it clear what regulates the timing of these two surges. To further study this observation in the Asian elephant, serum concentrations of LH, FSH, progesterone, inhibin...

The determination of the efficacy of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists in blocking the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and luteal function is important for our understanding of the control of the menstrual cycle and for clinical application. GnRH antagonists have failed to block the LH surge reliably in the non-human primate. The aim of the study was to utilize high dose GnRH an...

a unique high frequency transient overvoltage surge suppressor for the protection of motors and transformers from steep wave-front, short rise-time, high magnitude, spikes, surges and other transient voltages, generated by switching, lightning and other sources. The protective characteristics of ZORC: Eliminates inter-turn insulation failures Extends the life of machine insulation Eliminates mu...