Neuropathic pain is commonly associated with affective disorders such as anxiety and depression. We have previously characterised a rodent model of HIV, anti-retroviral-associated neuropathy in which rats develop hypersensitivity to a punctate mechanical stimulus and display anxiety-like behaviour in the open field paradigm. To assess the potential of this behavioural paradigm for the assessmen...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Light scattering from collagen within skin limits light-based therapeutics while increasing the risk of epidermal thermal injury. Specific chemicals show the ability to reduce light scattering by reversibly altering the optical properties of skin. This study examines the correlation between collagen solubility and the optical clearing potential (OCP) of sugars and sugar...

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is essential for brain function because of the coenzyme role thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) in glucose and energy metabolism. In order to compensate deficiency, several precursors with higher bioavailability were developed since 1950s. Among these, thioester benfotiamine (BFT) has been extensively studied beneficial effects both rodent models neurodegeneration human clinical ...

Antimicrobial action of nanomaterials is typically assigned to the nanomaterial composition, size and/or shape, whereas influence of complex corona stabilizing the nanoparticle surface is often neglected. We demonstrate sequential surface functionalization of tyrosine-reduced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs(Tyr)) with polyoxometalates (POMs) and lysine to explore controlled chemical functionality-dri...

Hypoxia can induce cell damage, inflammation, carcinogenesis, and inhibit liver regeneration in non-adapted species. Because of their excellent hypoxia adaptation features, subterranean rodents have been widely studied to clarify the mechanism adaptation. Eospalax fontanierii , which is a rodent found China, survive for more than 10 h under 4% O 2 without observable injury, while Sprague-Dawley...

Approximately 0.4 billion individuals worldwide are infected with hookworm. An effective vaccine is needed to not only improve the health of those affected and at high risk, but also economic growth in disease-endemic areas. ideal anti-hookworm therapeutic strategy for mass administration a stable orally administered vaccine. Oral vaccines advantageous as they negate need trained medical staff ...

SUMMERY The water-impermeable seed coat of 'hard' seeds is commonly considered a dormancy trait. Seed smell is, however, strongly correlated with seed water content, and hard seeds are therefore olfactionally cryptic to foraging rodents. This is the rationale for the crypsis hypothesis, which proposes that the primary functions of hard seeds are to reduce seed predation and promote rodent seed ...

AIM Adhesion after pelvic surgery causes infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and ileus or abdominal pain. The materials currently available for clinical use are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to develop an anti-adhesive material that overcomes the limitations of conventional anti-adhesive agents. METHODS The adhesion prevention effects of three methods - a two-layered sheet composed ...