Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has previously been localized in areas of mammalian brain associated with olfaction, cardiovascular function, and fluid/electrolyte homeostasis. Despite the presence of several types of natriuretic peptide receptors in mammalian cerebellum, neither intrinsic nor extrinsic sources of the natriuretic peptides have been described. In this report we describe the imm...

BACKGROUND Patients with the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome have increased salt and water excretion at night which has been reported to be associated with an increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). A study was performed to determine whether any rise in plasma ANP levels was related to nocturnal hypoxaemia. METHODS Nine patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome were...

Atrial natriuretic peptide was found in the heart of vertebrates, we studied the ANP presence in the heart of Ciona intestinalis. This is animal is very important because of the its evolutionary position between invertebrates and vertebrates. ANP presence was only revealed in myoepithelial cells of the myocardium. Results suggest the hypothesis that ANP is present not only in the vertebrates bu...

Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) is a membrane-bound metalloprotease that cleaves biologically inactive big endothelin-1 (ET-1) into active ET-1. ET-1 is involved in the cardiovascular homeostasis and the development of cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension and heart failure. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is an endogenous hormone that is released from the...

In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), high NaCl diets increase arterial pressure and sympathetic nervous system activity by decreasing noradrenaline release in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), thereby reducing the activation of sympathoinhibitory neurons in AHA. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) can inhibit the release of noradrenaline, and ANP concentration is elevated in the AHA of SH...

A recent study on stable, hypoxemic, COLD patients in which ANP was stimulated by LBPP demonstrated that in these individuals elevation of ANP does not exert a "normal" suppressing effect on the PRA-PA axis. Accordingly, we exercised ten comparable COLD patients, another maneuver known to stimulate ANP and to elicit cardiorespiratory responses substantially different from those observed with LB...

The present study determined circulating concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and also investigated the vasorelaxing action of ANP and CNP on isolated contracted aorta. We also defined the vasorelaxing action of a novel and newly synthesized 27-amino acid chimera of ANP and CN...

Cardiac atrial muscle cells produce a polypeptide hormone that plays a role in the control of water and electrolyte balance and blood pressure. The circulating form of this hormone is the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which contains 28 amino acids. Various immunohistochemical studies have shown that ANP is present in many areas of the central nervous system, including the median eminence. I...

One of the most advanced and complex multi-criteria decision-making methods is the analytic network process (ANP). This method supports modelling dependencies and feedback between elements in the network. For this reason, the ANP is one of the most appropriate methods for making decisions in fields that are characterised by existing dependencies of higher-level elements on lower level elements....

The effects of eel atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on drinking were investigated in eels adapted to freshwater (FW) or seawater (SW) or in FW eels whose drinking was stimulated by a 2-ml hemorrhage. An intra-arterial infusion of ANP (0.3-3.0 pmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1), which increased plasma ANP level 1.5- to 20-fold, inhibited drinking dose dependently in all groups of eels. The drinking rate recov...