The aim of this report is to investigate the possible causes of acute acquired onset of transient esotropia (AATE) in children and to help to differentiate ophthalmoplegic migraine (OM) from accommodative spasm (AS). A case of an 8-year-old Caucasian female affected by AATE and diplopia is described. The day before AATE onset, the patient complained of slight headache without nausea and vomitin...

Of 76 children with histiocytosis X 18 had orbital involvement, and four developed additional neuro-ophthalmic complications. No instance of intraocular involvement was detected. Among those patients with ophthalmic involvement the main problems were bilateral or unilateral proptosis, ptosis, papilloedema, optic atrophy, and seventh nerve palsy. Only one patient developed a severe visual defect...

different approaches have been presented for estimating river environmental flow which hydrological approach has a lot addressed because of its need to access to limited data and moderately rapid assessment. this approach incorporates various methods therefore comparison between results of different methods is essential. the objective of this study is to investigate and compare the consequences...

IMPORTANCE We sought to unravel the genetic cause in a consanguineous Pakistani family with a complex neurological phenotype. OBSERVATIONS Neurological and ophthalmological examination, including videotaping and fundoscopy, and genetic investigations, including homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing, were performed at the University of the Punjab and the University of Lübeck. Participants ...

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA3) is a rare and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, as well as the most frequently inherited spinocerebellar ataxia. It has extensive polymorphic features, described through a spectrum of neurological, and especially, ophthalmological manifestations. Besides the deterioration of the oculomotor systems, degeneration predomina...

Deterioration of visual function occured in 60% of 117 patients with pituitary adenoma. After transsphenoidal operation, both eyes regained normal visual acuity and visual fields in 28.2% of 64 patients, improvement was noted in 50%, no change was found in 15.6%, and a slight progression was observed in 6.2%. In those cases with unimpaired optic disc before the operation, visual functions b...

introduction: assessment tools of academic achievement in the field of surgery have always been received considerable attention. the issue that has received less attention is that which one of these methods has higher efficiency to cover appropriately educational objectives in surgical groups. this survey aimed to evaluate the results of three examinations (including osce, in-group educational ...

OBJECTIVES To review the types, incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of hydroxychloroquine ocular toxicity and current views about its screening and management. DATA SOURCES Literature search of Medline up to May 2005. STUDY SELECTION Key words for the literature search were 'hydroxychloroquine', 'chloroquine', 'ocular', 'toxicity', 'retinopathy', and 'screeni...

Dear Editor, We read with great interest the article by Ikeda et al. concerning ophthalmological findings in myotonic dystrophy (MD)1. We would like to thank the authors, because they cited a study we published in 2009, where we tried to understand the reasons for low intraocular pressure (IOP) in these patients. Our first goal was to check if this was a real hypotony or if it was related to an...