Econometrics and Truth The second half of the sixties was, at first sight, the golden age of econometrics. At the time, it appeared that some minor advances in theory, data and computer facilities would allow us to construct an econometric model which would chart the course to universal prosperity. The seventies were to deal a cruel blow to these extravagant expectations. This rise and fall of ...

Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) represents a sensitive and powerful tool for analyzing RNA. While it has tremendous potential for quantitative applications, a comprehensive knowledge of its technical aspects is required. Successful quantitative RT-PCR involves correction for experimental variations in individual RT and PCR efficiencies. This review addresses the mathematics of RT-PCR, choice...

I n the last few years, molecular hybridization methods have been used extensively in basic and applied virology because of their technical flexibility and high specificity. Using these techniques, the detection of DNA and RNA viruses directly from clinical specimens, the analysis of the specific transcriptional activity of viral genes in vitro and in vivo, and the study of virus-host relations...

In this paper we determine the limits and accuracy of quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using a modification of the original protocol. The quantification of mRNA with this procedure requires a preliminary estimation of the target molecule (TM) concentration, established from experiments with an internal control molecule (ICM). A definitive quantification is then attained from serial d...

the objective of the current study was to evaluate the reproducibility of a reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr)-based technique to differentiate viable and dead salmonella cells in raw and sterilized milk. the microorganism was initially inoculated into the milk samples followed by incubating at 37°c for 4 h prior to inactivation by heat at 80°c for 10 min. the treated and non-treated samples we...

Pregnancy, labor, and delivery appear to be well tolerated in most patients with mild-to-moderate congenital heart disease (CHD). The management of these patients is uneventful. Patients with more severe problems require frequent assessment and reassurance by the obstetrician and cardiologist, who should work as a team. Therapy consists of curtailing physical activity, avoiding excessive weight...

The present studies demonstrate a theoretical and practical framework for the accurate quantitation of gene expression in RNA extracted from microscopic tissue samples. The approaches are developed around competitive RT-PCR techniques. Assay performance has been examined and validated at both the RT and PCR steps. Our analysis of RT transcription efficiency for a number of native and competitor...

Tanenbaum’s MINIX operating system [1] was extended by Wainer with Real-Time (RT) services to conform RT-MINIX [2,3]. This work is on RTMINIXv2, a new version for academic uses that includes a RT-microkernel with more flexible IPC facilities supporting basic priority inheritance protocol, a fixed priority scheduler, timer and event driven interrupt management, statistics and RTmetrics collectio...

positive lymph nodes, adjuvant radiotherapy to the breast or chest wall and regional lymph nodes is a standard treatment 1,2. To reduce local recurrence, basic oncologic principles dictate the inclusion of all potentially involved lymph nodes in the radiotherapy treatment fields. In locoregional breast treatment, conventional techniques for beam placement rely on anatomic landmarks seen on the ...