نتایج جستجو برای: and monetary value
تعداد نتایج: 16894211 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Simple sum monetary aggregation approach that based upon perfect substitution of monetary components assumption is inconsistent with microeconomics theories. In this research, using quarterly data of Iran over period 1370:1–1388:1, we first calculate monetary aggregation based on divisia index for both measures of money (M1, M2) and then estimate the demand functions for money for divisia and s...
In the wake of monetary integration in Europe, Austria abandoned the tested hard currency policy (HCP) for joining EMU as a member. The final target of monetary policy and real sector adjustment needs are similar in both regimes, and the HCP may therefore be viewed as a convenient "training camp" for later EMU accession. Georg Winckler devoted a number of essays on the critique, but also on the...
The theory of value aims to explain the way prices function as a coordination mechanism market societies. A coherent approach must be monetary and, in addition, it analyze dynamics economy disaggregated manner, considering interdependent relations between different individual economic activities. Here, we review main models theories value, both neoclassical and classical-Marxian. We their scope...
In this paper we study the feasibility of estimating a monetary value for a QALY (MVQ). Using two different surveys of the Spanish population (total n = 892), we consider whether willingness to pay (WTP) is (approximately) proportional to the health gains measured in QALYs. We also explore whether subjects' responses are prone to any significant biases. We find that the estimated MVQ varies inv...
Macroeconomic performance has improved in many countries in the world in the last fifteen years or so. Much of the literature has concentrated on how central bank independence, inflation targeting regimes, and currency :::union:::s have contributed to improving the effectiveness of monetary policy and hence macroeconomic performance. Since the financial system is a key component of the monetary...
The purpose of this study is presentation a method for clustering bank customers based on RFM model in terms of uncertainty. According to the proposed framework in this study after determination the parameter values of the RFM model, including recently exchange (R), frequency exchange (F), and monetary value of the exchange (M), grey theory is used to eliminate the uncertainty and customers are...
Under what conditions can cooperation be sustained in a network of strangers? Here we study the role of institutions and uncover a new behavioral foundation for the use of monetary systems. In an experiment, anonymous subjects could cooperate or defect in bilateral random encounters. This sequence of encounters was indefinite; hence multiple equilibria were possible, including full intertempora...
We consider an investor maximizing his expected utility from terminal wealth with portfolio decisions based on the available information flow. This investor faces the opportunity to acquire some additional initial information G. His subjective fair value of this information is defined as the amount of money that he can pay for G such that this cost is balanced out by the informational advantage...
Programs targeted at high-risk youth are designed to prevent high-school dropout, crime, drug abuse, and other forms of delinquency. Even if shown to be successful in reducing one or more social ill, a key policy question is whether the cost to society from that intervention program exceeds its benefits. Although the costs of intervention programs are often available, the benefits are more illu...
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