objectives: the purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the efficacy of low level laser therapy (lllt) for pain reduction after midpalatal expansion in rats.   materials and methods: sixty male sprague six-week old rats weighing 180±10g were divided into seven groups (two experimental groups of 24 rats and one control group of 12 rats). the experimental groups were subjected to expan...

Automatic identification of subtopics for a given topic is desirable because it eliminates the need for manual construction of domain-specific topic hierarchies. In this paper, we design features based on corpus statistics to design a classifier for identifying the (subtopic, topic) links between phrase pairs. We combine these features along with the commonly-used syntactic patterns to classify...

ÐIn 1972, Reddy showed that the binary circuits realizing Reed-Muller canonical form are easily testable. In this paper, we extend Reddy's result to multiple-valued logic circuits, employing more than two discrete levels of signal. The electronic fabrication of such circuits became feasible due to the recent advances in integrated circuit technology. We show that, in the multiple-valued case, s...

We use single nanoparticle luminescence microscopy to determine a distribution of individual chromophores present in porous Si nanoparticles. From these distributions, we determine the average number of emitting chromophores in each nanoparticle and the fluorescence emission count rate of a single chromophore within the porous silicon nanoparticle. We also show that the same size nanoparticles ...

In this work several semantic approaches to concept-based query expansion and re-ranking schemes are studied and compared with different ontology-based expansion methods in web document search and retrieval. In particular, we focus on concept-based query expansion schemes, where, in order to effectively increase the precision of web document retrieval and to decrease the users’ browsing time, t...

Query formulation and reformulation is recognized as one of the most difficult tasks that users in information retrieval systems are asked to perform. This study investigated the use of two different techniques for supporting query reformulation in interactive information retrieval: relevance feedback and Local Context Analysis, both implemented as term−suggestion devices. The former represents...

We present a new technique for optimizing programs, based on data-ow analysis. The initial goal was to provide a simple way to improve on Leroy and Peyton-Jones' techniques for optimizing boxings (allocations) and unboxings ((eld selection) away in strongly-typed functional programs. Our techniques achieve this goal, while not needing types any more (so it applies to Lisp as well as to ML), and...

The Foldy-Wouthuysen iterative diagonalization technique is applied to the Helmholtz equation to obtain a Hamiltonian description of the propagation of a monochromatic quasiparaxial light beam through a system in which the refractive index n(x, y, z) varies about a background value n0 such that |n(x, y, z)− n0| ≪ n0. This technique is presented as an alternative to the conventional method of se...