In 1993 and early 1994, Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold (FCX), a mining company, issued two series of gold-denominated depositary shares to raise 430 million dollars for expansion of their mining capacity in Indonesia. We price the depositary shares using a term structure model for the forward rates implied by gold futures and we show that FCX successfully enhanced the credit quality of the is...

hydrographically bolivian poopó lake is located in the basin of desaguadero river and it has over a dozen main tributary rivers and other smaller rivers with lower flow. the mine water discharge from the abandoned and current mining activities polluted these rivers by carrying heavy metals, dissolved and suspended solids which in turn polluted the poopó lake which is considered as an important ...

Bungo, one of the districts in Jambi Province, is currently rampant PETI (Unlicensed Gold Mining). There are six sub-districts experiencing problems with unlicensed gold mining, namely Limbur Lubuk Mengkuang, Batin III Ulu, Tanah Tumbuh, Rantau Pandan, Pelepat Ilir, and Pelepat. The method used this study descriptive qualitative method. results showed that policy related to Mining) Bungo Regenc...

There are some 60 gold-mining sites in the Bento Gomes River basin (Mato Grosso), at the border of the Mato Grosso Pantanal (Swamp), where mercury is used to agglutinate fine gold particles through amalgamation. During burning of the amalgam to release the gold, mercury vapor is lost to the atmosphere, since closed systems for mercury recovery are not always used. This study shows the results o...

Gold has played an irreplaceable part throughout human civilisation history. Thanks to the advancements in nanofabrication, this ancient noble metal is shining through fabrication of novel functional devices. This review (e57) summarizes design devices based on assemblies and composites gold nanostructures, including optical devices, optoelectronics recently developed wearable implantable

Sedentary organisms that are at top trophic levels allow inference about the level of local mercury contamination. We evaluated mercury contamination in feather tissue of nestling Wood Storks (Mycteria americana), sampled in different parts of the Brazilian Pantanal that were variably polluted by mercury releases from gold mining activities. Levels of mercury in feathers sampled in seven breedi...

Since ancient times, the Bangka Belitung Islands have been known as one of world’s largest tin producers. Mining has taken place massively since is no longer a strategic commodity, marked by issuance several policies that grant permits to anyone mine tin. Mining, which was originally mostly carried out on land, over time and needed in economic aspect, also at sea. As result, mining, without per...