Nanotechnology is a novel and emerging approach that can be utilized in the agriculture sector for biotic abiotic stress management, disease detection, nutrient absorption. Various metal oxide nanoparticles such as zinc, titanium, silicon oxides were found to have positive effect on seed quality attributes various crops. Therefore, study was carried out chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with object...

Introduction: Prior to the discovery of H2O dissolved in the picritic lunar glass beads [1], models for the eruption of lunar picritic magmas involved both a column of melt extending deep into the lunar mantle, and a gas-assisted lift of the magma to achieve explosive eruption [2,3,4,5]. In a H-free moon, first gas phase formation would have involved the oxidation of reduced C (graphite) to pro...

Previous studies on the reproductive toxicity of boric acid have indicated that male rodents suffer testicular atrophy after treatment. There were, however, no studies of the potential effects on female fertility or on the neonate. In addition, no study described the development of the testicular lesion, thought to be related to the mechanism of toxicity. A Reproductive Assessment by Continuous...

The oceans are under pressure from human activities. Following 250 years of industrial activity, effects are being seen at the cellular through to regional and global scales. The change in atmospheric CO(2) from 280 ppm in pre-industrial times to 392 ppm in 2011 has contributed to the warming of the upper 700 m of the ocean by approximately 0.1°C between 1961 and 2003, to changes in sea water c...

F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 1, 3, or 6 ppm methyl isocyanate by inhalation for 6 hr on 4 consecutive days. Deaths of rats were observed following 3 ppm exposures, and mice died after exposures to 6 ppm. Deaths appeared to be related to severe respiratory distress. Survivors in high dose groups lost weight initially, then gained weight at rates equal to controls throughout a 9...

A transformer fire occurred in a state office building in Binghamton, NY on February 5, 1981. Particulates from inside surfaces of ceiling panels on 16 of the 17 floors had concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) ranging from less than 1 part per million (ppm) to 1200 ppm while polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations varied from 28 ppm to 23,000 ppm. In spite of the wide v...

In a previous study, we showed that the halophyte plant model Thellungiella salsuginea was more tolerant to phenanthrene (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon: PAH) than its relative glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present work, we investigated the potential of another halophyte with higher biomass production, Cakile maritma, to reduce phenanthrene phytotoxicity. Sand was used instead of ara...

Human, rat, and guinea pig packed erythrocytes exposed to 100, 500, or 1000 ppm of methyl isocyanate (MIC) vapor in vitro showed a concentration-related inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity. Rat and guinea pig packed erythrocytes showed an almost complete inhibition of ChE activity at 2000 ppm. In vitro exposures of human and guinea pig blood to 1000 or 2000 ppm of MIC vapor resulted in ...

Elemental boron was isolated in 1808. It typically occurs in nature as borates hydrated with varying amounts of water. Important compounds are boric acid and borax. Boron compounds are also used in the production of metals, enamels, and glasses. In trace amounts, boron is essential for the growth of many plants, and is found in animal and human tissues at low concentrations. Poisoning in humans...

Studies were conducted on inhalation pharmacokinetics of 1,3-butadiene and of its primary reactive metabolic intermediate 1,2-epoxybutene-3 in rats (Sprague-Dawley) and mice (B6C3F1). Investigations of inhalation pharmacokinetics of 1,3-butadiene revealed saturation kinetics of 1,3-butadiene metabolism in both species. For rats and mice linear pharmacokinetics apply at exposure concentrations b...