OBJECTIVES To document the trend of ampicillin-resistant infections in newborns weighing at least 1500 g and to determine factors associated with ampicillin-resistant neonatal early-onset infection in the era of routine group B streptococcal prophylaxis. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Referral hospital with level I through level III nurseries.Patients Newborns aged 0 to 7 days with cult...

The pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and sulbactam, a new beta-lactamase inhibitor, were investigated in 16 patients undergoing prosthetic cardiac valve insertion. The combination of 2 g of ampicillin and 1 g of sulbactam was administered as perioperative prophylaxis intravenously over 3 to 6 days. Several serum pharmacokinetic parameters were similar for the two drugs after three intravenous dos...

OBJECTIVE The safety and efficacy of ampicillin plus sulbactam were compared with those of cefoxitin in the treatment of women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). METHODS This single-site, randomized, prospective, third-party-blinded, comparative, parallel-treatment study enrolled 93 women with a diagnosis of PID. Patients were treated with either ampicillin/sulbactam (2 g/1 g, administer...

Antibiotic-resistant lactose-fermenting bacteria were recovered from the feces of 20 of 25 burn patients studied. Of the Escherichia coli isolated from patients receiving antibiotic treatment, 81.5% were shown to be infectiously resistant; only 32% of the E. coli recovered from patients not receiving antibiotics were shown to be harboring R factors. Three resistance patterns, ampicillin-chloram...

The stabilities of two kinds of solutions (30 mg/mL) of Ampicillin sodium in 0.9% NaCl in water (NS, normal saline) and in sterile water (SW) in the intravenous elastomeric infusion device (Accufuser) were evaluated based on recommended solutions and storage periods. The injectable NSand SW-Ampicillin solutions in the Accufuser device were stored and evaluated at controlled temperature (room te...

Two essentially isogenic strains of Escherichia coli K-12 were compared: D31 had chromosomally and D1-R1 episomally mediated resistance to ampicillin. The two strains had the same ability to form colonies on ampicillin plates, but in other tests they were quite different. In serial dilution tests as well as in exponentially growing cultures, D1-R1 was far more resistant to ampicillin than was D...

From February 1981 to December 1983, 225 strains were isolated from pediatric patients infected with Haemophilus influenzae. Forty-one strains were found to be resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and other antibiotics. They were isolated from 20 patients with invasive diseases (meningitis, 16; bacteremia, 4) and 21 with noninvasive diseases (otitis media, 19; conjunctivitis, 2). During th...