sorption reactions in many heterogeneous systems are important. adsorption is a time dependent process and knowing the adsorption rate is essential for designing, evaluating and recovering the adsorbents. at the present study, an ammonium adsorption kinetic experiment by some soils series of golestan provice, which is varying in mineralogical and textural properties was conducted using solution...

the effect of salinity on organic removal and ammonium oxidation in a down-flow hanging sponge reactor was investigated by conducting a long-term continuous experiment over a period of 800 days. the dhs reactor, constructed by connecting three identical units, was fed with artificial wastewater containing 500 mg-n/l of ammonium nitrogen and 1400 mg- cod/l of phenol. salinity of the influent was...

Thermodynamic models predict that sulfate aerosol (S(VI) ≡ H2SO4(aq)+HSO−4 +SO 2− 4 ) should take up available ammonia (NH3) quantitatively as ammonium (NH+4 ) until the ammonium sulfate stoichiometry (NH4)2SO4 is close to being reached. This uptake of ammonia has important implications for aerosol mass, hygroscopicity, and acidity. When ammonia is in excess, the ammonium–sulfate aerosol ratio ...

A series of polymerizable quaternary ammonium compounds were synthesized with the aim of using them as immobilized antibacterial agents in methacrylate dental composites, and their structures were characterized by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR analysis. Their antibacterial activities against the oral bacterium Streptococcus mutans were evaluated in vitro by a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration t...

The title compound, C(36)H(30)NP(2) (+)·I(-), was obtained accidently from crystallization of a reaction mixture containing [(Ph(3)P)(2)N]OH and B(OH)(3), which was contaminated with MeI. There are two independent [(Ph(3)P)(2)N](+) cations and two I(-) anions within the asymmetric unit. The central PNP angles are non-linear [137.6 (2) and 134.4 (2)°] and the phenyl substituents on P centres ado...

The reaction of 1-naphthyl-methyl-amine and hydro-chloric acid in a 1:1 molar ratio resulted in the formation of the 1:1 proton-transfer compound, C(11)H(12)N(+)·Cl(-). In the crystal, the ions are linked by N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds into a sheet pattern in the ab plane such that each Cl(-) ion is bonded to three NH groups from the naphthylmethylammonium ion.