Mirza Fath Ali Akhundzadeh is considered one of the most important and influential personalities in the religious-social life of contemporary Iran. He began his cultural activities writing dramas and criticizing the religious-social situation of the society he lived in. He said that this resembled Protestantism. In addition to this, he also dealt theoretically with the criticism of religion and...

As patients near the end of life, their spiritual and religious concerns may be awakened or intensified. Many physicians, however, feel unskilled and uncomfortable discussing these concerns. This article suggests how physicians might respond when patients or families raise such concerns. First, some patients may explicitly base decisions about life-sustaining interventions on their spiritual or...

Abstract This essay examines Evelyn Waugh as practitioner and critic in the field of wartime propaganda. In 1941, produced a fictitious account British Commando raid on German territory North Africa for publication Britain United States, an episode which reveals his skill propagandist, but also prompts scrutiny contacts with propaganda agencies agents effect writings. Waugh’s interwar fiction e...

Speciesists believe that membership in a particular species is morally relevant. Morally relevant properties entitle their possessors to have their interests considered preferentially relative to those individuals who lack that property. Those dispensing consideration incur obligations or, minimally, options, to act with bias. As a matter of fact, all known speciesists are human speciesists, no...

the political, social, and religious conflicts between the church and the protestants during the renaissance and afterward gave a unique dimension to the works of a large number of european artists such as shakespeare. a few decades later, art critics defined this style under the rubric of baroque. the writers of this article conduct an explanatory analysis of shakespeare’s hamlet in the light ...

one of the significant dimensions of human’s social growth is his moral development. the human being not only is a rational and intellectual being, but also is a moral being. his morality has its origin in his sociability. the human being not only is self-centered and concerned about his own interests and well-being, but also is concerned about others’ interests and their judgment of his action...

Xygalatas identifies religious ritual as a special type of human ritualized behavior generally, the scientific study, which, he maintains, is "in full development." While I have been less convinced that this case with any 'scientific' study religion, has pioneer among those who have, in fact, engaged truly ritual, both laboratory well as, more interestingly, field. His overview state research, ...

Circumcision of a male child was recently ruled illegal by a court in Germany on the grounds that it violates the child's rights to bodily integrity and self-determination. This paper begins by challenging the applicability of these rights to the circumcision debate. It argues that, rather than a sweeping appeal to rights, a moral analysis of the practice of circumcision will require a careful ...