Abstract The geometric morphometric (GMM) construction of Procrustes shape coordinates from a data set homologous landmark configurations puts exact algebraic constraints on position, orientation, and scale. While position as digitized is not ordinarily biologically meaningful quantity, orientation relevant mainly when some organismal function interacts with Cartesian positional gradient such h...

Abstract Thermal plasticity is expected to affect the responses of freshwater zooplankton climate perturbations. We tested hypothesis thermal in rigid setae second limb Daphnia galeata. also aimed test role allometry and ability induce a rapid plastic response within an individual lifetime (i.e. postnatal). In all, 300 specimens were dissected from four sets clonal transfers seasonal variants n...

In eusocial insects, particularly in ants, caste differentiation is extremely complicated when we rely on traditional taxonomy. most species, the worker does not display any distinct morphological characters neither caste’s central division according to their size variations. We used a landmark-based geometric morphometric approach quantify characteristics of female systems (queen, major and mi...

Body mass positively influences diving capacities in air-breathing vertebrates and has been identified as a key determinant for the evolution of diving. Our review on the relationship between body mass and dive duration (a major parameter of dive performances) encompassed for the first time a wide diversity of air-breathing vertebrates. We included a substantial number of nonavian and nonmammal...