Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of nocturnal upper airway obstruction during sleep, which can seriously affect quality and cause sleepiness the daytime. Known risk factors for OSA are numerous, including obesity, age, gender, craniofacial anatomy, smoking, alcohol consumption, genetic inheritance. Recently, air pollution was linked to an in...

de Prost N, Dreyfuss D, Saumon G. Evaluation of two-way protein fluxes across the alveolo-capillary membrane by scintigraphy in rats: effect of lung inflation. J Appl Physiol 102: 794–802, 2007. First published September 21, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00742.2006.— Pulmonary microvascular and alveolar epithelial permeability were evaluated in vivo by scintigraphic imaging during lung distens...

This paper proposes a model for the electromagnetic performance of dual air-gap liquid-cooled eddy current retarder (DAL-ECR) considering transient permeability. First, structure and working principle DAL-ECR are introduced. Next, analysis static flux density leakage end effect is established based on piecewise function method magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC). Then, skin field in retarder, an ...

Experiments have been conducted to study the controlling mechanisms involved in the transition from smoldering to flaming of a porous combustible material, flexible polyurethane foam, with an air flow forced across one of the porous-fuel surfaces. The experiments are performed in a small-scale, vertical, combustion wind tunnel, with the air flow forced upward and parallel to an exposed foam sur...

Exposure to ozone (O3) impairs lung function, induces airway inflammation and alters epithelial permeability. Whilst impaired lung function and neutrophilia have been observed at relatively low concentrations, altered lung epithelial permeability is only seen after high-dose challenges. The appearance of Clara cell protein (CC16) in serum has been proposed as a sensitive marker of lung epitheli...

The Na and Rb permeability of Chlorella pyrenoidosa were estimated from the rates of radioisotope self-diffusion.The isotopic exchange in absence of net ionic movements followed first order kinetics. This suggested that for sodium, which reached isotopic equilibrium in approximately 90 minutes, the cell behaved as 1 compartment with respect to isotopic exchange. Rubidium in 180 minutes approach...

The epithelial cells lining the small, peripheral airways function as important targets for the action of inspired ozone. Loss of epithelial barrier integrity in these regions is a common element in ozone-induced airway inflammation. To investigate the direct effect of ozone on epithelial barrier function, canine bronchial epithelial (CBE) cells grown with an air interface were exposed for 3 hr...

Six laboratory scale biogas mixed anaerobic digesters were operated to study the effect of biogas recycling rates and draft tube height on their performance. The digesters produced methane at 0.40-0.45 L per liter of digester volume per day. A higher methane production rate was observed in unmixed digesters, while increased biogas circulation rate reduced methane production. However, different ...