DNA-based immunizations have been used to determine the patterns of type 1 and type 2 cytokines that can be induced in vivo for Ag-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. IL-4 was used as a signature cytokine for a type 2 T cell response and IFN-gamma as the signature cytokine for a type 1 response. Gene gun deliveries of secreted Ags were used to bias responses toward type 2 and saline injections ...

Acyl glucuronides (AGs) formed from carboxylic acid-containing drugs have been considered to be a cause of idiosyncratic drug toxicity (IDT). Chemical stability of AGs is supposed to relate to their reactivity. In this study, the half-lives of 21 AGs of carboxylic drugs in potassium phosphate buffer (KPB), human serum albumin (HSA) solution, and human fresh plasma were analyzed in relation to t...

The authors conducted a study on treating synthetic dairy wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in laboratory-scale continuous flow reactor (CFR) system. system consisted of an anaerobic reactor, and settling sedimentation tank, with different hydraulic retention times tested over 90-day period. monitored characteristics effluent treatment performance found that the achieved excellent ...

INTRODUCTION Several biomaterials can be used in ear surgery to pack the middle ear or support the graft. The absorbable gelatin sponge is the most widely used, but it may produce fibrosis and impair ventilation of the middle ear. OBJECTIVE This experimental study aimed to investigate the inflammatory effects of the sugarcane biopolymer sponge (BP) in the rat middle ear compared with absorbab...

Although the success of trastuzumab and rituximab for treatment of breast cancer and non-Hodgkins lymphoma, respectively, suggests that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) will become important therapeutic agents against a wider range of cancers, useful therapeutic Abs are not yet available for the majority of the human cancers because of our lack of knowledge of which antigens (Ags) are likely to bec...

Immunogenicity, manufacturing feasibility, and safety of a novel, autologous dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy (AGS-004) was evaluated in ten human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected adults successfully treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Personalized AGS-004 was produced from autologous monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with RNA encoding CD40L and HIV antigens (Gag, ...

In mammalian cells, nontranslating messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are concentrated in different cytoplasmic foci, such as processing bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs), where they are either degraded or stored. In the present study, we have thoroughly characterized cytoplasmic foci, hereafter called AGs for ALK granules that form in transformed cells expressing the constitutively active anaplastic ...

In this paper, we present a new denotational semantics of attribute grammars (AGs) by using Cardelli's record calculus. This new denotational semantics is simple, natural and structure-oriented. AGs have been considered useful in describing interactive programming environments as well as in specifying the semantics of programming languages. Using AGs, interactive programming environments are of...

introduction: regarding chronic nature of epilepsy and its side effects and to access the effective treatment procedures, herbal medicine has received remarkable interest. the aim of this study was to determine the anticonvulsant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of anethum graveolens seed on pentylenetetrazol (ptz) -induced seizure in male mice. methods: fifty-six albino male mice were divide...

The present article aims at modeling a day-ahead local electricity market (DA LEM) for transactive energy trading the distribution level. In this regard, wide range of distributed resources (DERs) in form multiple aggregators (AGs) participates DA LEM order to trade with system operator (DSO), market. On other hand, DSO, as owner system, has responsibility procure required its customers respect...