Iran has experienced significant changes in the distribution of employed population of ruralareas in major professional categories in the years 1956 to 2006. Accordingly, it is important to studythe changes in occupational structure, factors influencing these changes, and their implications. Themethodology of this study is documentary and secondary analysis. Moreover, in order to explain whythe...

agricultural extension workers’ service has been placed as the central pattern of agricultural transformation in general and smallholder farmers in particular. due largely to this commensurately known trend, identifying factors that determine farmers’ access to extension workers’ service and the effect of the service on crop yield was found to be imperative. cross sectional data was collected t...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to identify the high-risk occupations in Iran and to re-inspect occupations that were related to bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, 300 patients suffering from bladder cancer and 500 control individuals were interviewed. Demographic information, occupational history, and history of exposure to chemical compounds such as aromatic amine...

Meloidogyne species pose a significant threat to crop production in Africa due to the losses they cause on a wide range of agricultural crops. The direct and indirect damage caused by various Meloidogyne species results in delayed maturity, toppling, reduced yields and quality of crop produce, high costs of production and therefore loss of income. In addition, emergence of resistance-breaking M...

BACKGROUND Agricultural Workers are both more exposed to tetanus and at higher risk to be inadequately immunized than other usual recipients of the same vaccine. STUDY DESIGN Our cross-sectional questionnaire-based study aimed to evaluate tetanus vaccination status, knowledge, attitudes and practices in Agricultural Workers in North-Eastern Italy. METHODS Bivariate and multivariate logistic...

OBJECTIVE Each year, approximately 31,000 Canadian injured worker claimants are certified to have permanent impairments associated with the initial workplace incident. Permanent impairments are characterized by ongoing pain, and limitations in physical function and activity participation--all predisposing factors to mental health problems. Here we examine the post-accident mental health status ...

Agricultural crops benefit from resistance to pathogens that endures over years and generations of both pest and crop. Durable disease resistance, which may be partial or complete, can be controlled by several genes. Some of the most devastating fungal pathogens in wheat are leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. The wheat gene Lr34 has supported resistance to these pathogens for more than...

BACKGROUND Integrated nutrition and health programs seek to reduce undernutrition by educating child caregivers about infant feeding and care. Data on the quality of program implementation and consequent effects on infant feeding practices are limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of enhancing a nutrition and health program on breastfeeding and complementary-feeding practices in rural...

BACKGROUND Dyspepsia has been demonstrated worldwide to have major personal and societal impacts, but data on the burden of this disease in Africa are lacking. OBJECTIVE To document the prevalence of dyspepsia and its quality-of-life impact among healthcare workers (HCWs) at Butare University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Rwanda. METHODS A cross-sectional survey among consenting HCWs at BUTH wa...

BACKGROUND To prevent transmission of influenza from healthcare workers (HCWs) to patients, many hospitals exclude febrile HCWs from working, but allow afebrile HCWs with respiratory symptoms to have contact with patients. During the 2013-2014 influenza season at our hospital, an influenza-positive HCW with respiratory symptoms but no fever was linked to a case of possible healthcare-associated...