Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate regional differences in the business characteristics Japanese agricultural cooperatives (JAs), which have been widely criticized for depending on non-agricultural activities, contradictory cooperative principles. We construct a panel data set over 2004–2019 from financial statements JAs’ prefectural-level federations and use stochastic meta-f...

Abstract Supporting agricultural cooperatives might contribute to the livelihood improvement of many small‐scale farmers in developing countries. This research examines factors affecting internet use with a focus on female leadership, its effects cooperatives’ economic, social, and innovative performance, distributional economic performance. Our analysis relied data 3,512 collected 2021 from Vi...

Firstly, this article aims to outline the development of cooperatives agricultural producers from 1920 2022 and assess factors that influenced it. Secondly, it seeks determine whether what extent legislation supported consider potential directions their after 2022. The scope outlined for consideration is extensive; therefore, only addresses selected issues. primary research method was dogmatic ...

The paper focuses on the strict relation between the continuous changes of the diversified tax regimes of the various types of cooperatives and the political composition of the governments succeeding each other in Italy from the after war period to the present. It emerged that the different types of cooperatives prevailing in the leftwing League of Cooperatives or in the Confederation of Italia...