The model of the homogenous and isotropic universe is considered in which the coordinate system of reference is not defined by the matter but is a priori specified. The scale factor of the universe changes following the linear law. The scale of mass changes proportional to the scale factor. The temperature of the relativistic matter changes inversly proportional to the root of the scale factor....

I review the challenges and problems facing the standard cosmological model, involving an Ω = 1 Universe dominated by non-baryonic dark matter, which arise due to: age estimates of the universe, estimates of the baryon fraction of the universe, and structure formation. Certain of these problems are exacerbated, and certain of these are eased, by the inclusion of some component to the energy den...

The paper summarizes the background of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe model and its potential to offer answers to some open cosmological questions related to entropy. Three problems are faced in more detail, namely that of Hawking's phenomenon of black holes evaporation, maximum entropy of the Universe during its evolution, and time evolution of specific entropy. 1. Background of Expansive ...

le clezio 's fictional world takes us back to the beauties of nature and makes us contemplate the mysteries of the universe. by creating exaggerated and sometimes surreal sceneries, le clezio seeks to escape from inconveniences of the materialistic world to explore man's identity. obscure conditions, wearriness with the achievements of modern world, le clezio's personages, are en...

Bir fenomenle ilgili doygunluk durumu, sürecin bir tür kolektif yorgunluğa evirilebileceğinin işareti olarak varsayılabilir. Kimi zaman bu süreç tersine de işleyebilir. Yapay zekâ, metaverse, siber alan gibi oluşumlar, çok kısa süre öncesine kadar kavramsal ele alınırken, günümüzde uygulama alanları bulmuş ve etik, suç, tüketim temel kavramlarla düal perspektifte değerlendirilmektedirler. yanda...

We investigate the spectrum of elementary particles and fields arising from the superposition of string configurations weighted according to their entropy in the string phase space. We find that this superposition describes a universe with a physical content phenomenologically compatible with the experimental observations and measurements. Masses and couplings are determined as functions of the...

We propose a scale-dependent cosmology in which the Robertson–Walker metric and the Einstein equation are modified in such a way that Ω0, H0 and the age of the Universe all become scale-dependent. Its implications on the observational cosmology and possible modifications of the standard Friedmann cosmology are discussed. For example, the age of the Universe in this model is longer than that of ...

The experimental data, as well as theoretical considerations allow (and, in some cases, require) the Universe at present to rest in a false vacuum, whose approximate stability imposes constraints on the model parameters. Under very general and mild conditions, the Universe would have ended up in the standard vacuum even if the potential has deeper minima, provided there was a period in which th...

| The total energy of the universe is deenite positive even for extremely relativistic matter. Hence its origin demands a violation of physical laws. The innationary model which tries to justify an innnite age for the universe is criticized from both a theoretical and observational point of view. Since all the other theories that tried to have a universe existing for ever in the past have been ...