This paper studies the design of optimal linear taxation bequests when individuals differ in wage as well their risks both mortality and old-age dependance. We assume that government cannot distinguish between motives, is whether resulted from precautionary reasons or pure joy giving reasons. Instead, we it only observes timing bequests, they are made early life late life. show that, if utilita...

OBJECTIVE To determine factors affecting smoking cessation success in different age groups. METHODS This was an intervention study consisting of 761 patients attending the Balcova Municipality, Smoke Cessation Center, Izmir, Turkey, between November 2009 and December 2011. Variables were successful smoking cessation for one year, socio-demographic features, previous attempts at smoking cessat...

The role of savings in investment and therefore in the development of a country cannot be exaggerated. In poor countries like ours most of the savings is done by households. In this paper the saving behaviour of Pakistan households, broken down to rural-urban, is examined. Using HIES 1998/99 and utilising OLS, it has been shown that saving behaviour in Pakistan is influenced by various factors ...

BACKGROUND The population aged older than 65 yr is set to increase by 32% by 2033. In resource-limited environments, difficult decisions regarding access to high dependency care for the elderly are increasingly important. The aim of this study was to determine whether age is a predictor of mortality in patients admitted to an open medical high dependency unit (MHDU). METHODS Prospective obser...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is some evidence that poststroke dementia, cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and mild cognitive impairment predict for poor outcomes such as dementia, death, and institutionalization. However, few studies have examined the prognostic value of CIND, CIND severity, and domain impairments in a poststroke cohort. METHODS A cohort of ischemic stroke patients wit...

Based on data generated from 180 randomly selected households with children age under five years old in Aysaita district of Afar region of Ethiopia, this study explored prevalence of malnutrition and scrutinized household characteristics, maternal characteristics, specifics of the child and economic variables associated with child malnutrition. The height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-heig...

OBJECTIVE A growing body of evidence from Western countries shows that infant feeding practices are associated with later childhood dietary habits, but little is known about these relationships in non-Western countries with different food cultures. We examined the association of breast-feeding duration and age at introduction of solid foods with later intake of fruit and vegetables among Japane...

We describe bayesPop, an R package for producing probabilistic population projections for all countries. This uses probabilistic projections of total fertility and life expectancy generated by Bayesian hierarchical models. It produces a sample from the joint posterior predictive distribution of future age- and sex-specific population counts, fertility rates and mortality rates, as well as futur...

Purpose: This paper examines the economic effects of the demographic transition in developing countries. Findings: Based on data from the World Bank and using a sample of forty-three developing economies, we find that the growth rate of per capita GDP is linearly dependent upon population growth, both the young and old dependency ratios, the mortality rate, and whether or not the rate of popula...

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests a higher proportion of current smokers among female than among male ever smokers at the age above 50. However, little is known about the proportion of current smokers among ever smokers in old age groups with consideration of women in comparison to men from general population samples. The goal was to analyze the proportions of current smokers among female and among ...