M.Raffi1)†, F.Hussain, T.M.Bhatti, J.I.Akhter, A.Hameed and M.M.Hasan 1) Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad-45650, Pakistan 2) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 3) Central Analytical Facility Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Scien...

Mycobacterium aurum was susceptible to the antibiotic colistin (polymyxin E),which had an MIC of 5 micrograms/ml and an apparent bactericidal effect at concentrations above 50 micrograms/ml. Treatment of actively growing cells with sublethal concentrations of colistin (15 micrograms/ml) resulted in synchronized cell division once the antibiotic was removed. Under conditions of synchronized cell...

Antimicrobial activity of different parts of Croccus sativus L. (saffron) including stigma, stamen, leaves and colora, extracted by various solvents, were tested against different bacteria (Microccucos luteus, Staphylococcus epidermitis, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli) and fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Cladospourium sp) by cup plate diffusion method. Minimal Inhibitory Conce...

Some new b-lactams bearing biologically important morpholine ring have been synthesized by acylation of amino b-lactams in the presence of morpholine-4-carbonyl chloride. These novel β-lactams were prepared under mild reaction conditions without any solvent in short reaction times. Their biological activities have been examined against microbial agents such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),...

Abstract Background: For long time medical scientists have speculated about alleviation of pain so that they have attempted to prescribe a potent analgesic with the least side effects. There are some records in Iranian traditional medicine showing that Elaeagnus angustifolia L. decreases inflammation and pain. Therefore, in this study the analgesic effect of the aqueous extracts of E. angustif...

REPLY: Vitamin E May Protect Against Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury McCullough et al. (1) reviewed the pathophysiology and treatment options for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). They stated that no effective adjunctive pharmaceutical had been demonstrated that either prevented or treated CI-AKI. However, they also suggested that of the agents being investigated, statins were...

Several security protocols (PGP, PEM, MOSS, S/MIME, PKCS#7, CMS, etc.) have been developed to provide confidentiality and authentication of electronic mail. These protocols are widely used and trusted for private communication over the Internet. We point out a potentially serious security hole in these protocols: any encrypted message can be decrypted using a one-message, adaptive chosen-cipher...

The growing adoption of electronic medical records will require that healthcare professionals and patients are able to access health information on devices such as laptops, personal computers, and even smart phones. Due to the sensitive nature of such information, it is important to secure client-side devices used in electronic healthcare systems that handle sensitive medical data. These device...

PROBLEMS ADDRESSED With the advent of nomadic and home office environments, remote access security is once again taking its place at the forefront of security planning activities. Everyone wants an Internet presence and Internet access. Telecommuting is gaining in popularity. Sales agents armed with laptops roam the countryside. Opening up systems to casual access by nomadic and home office wor...

Mosquitoes transmit several human- and animal-pathogenic alphaviruses (Togaviridae family). In alphavirus-infected mosquito cells two different types of virus-specific small RNAs are produced as part of the RNA interference response: short-interfering (si)RNAs and PIWI-interacting (pi)RNAs. The siRNA pathway is generally thought to be the main antiviral pathway. Although an antiviral activity h...